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user9303970
Asked: 2018-04-14 01:49:14 +0800 CST

Failed to implement Nginx caching - connection refused

  • 772

I'm having trouble getting my site to work after trying to implement Nginx caching.

I use Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial), Nginx (1.10.3), PHP-FPM (7.0) and WordPress.

Port 9000 (for php-fpm) is unfiltered by UFW.

Reproducing my environment

1 - setting confs:

2 - Creating a cache dir:

mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp/cache/
chmod 755 /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp/cache/
chown www-data:www-data /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp/cache/

3 - Server restart:

systemctl restart nginx.service
/etc/init.d/php*-fpm restart

4- Error and debug tries:

*1 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream,
client: MY_IP_ADDRESS, server: example.com, request: "GET /
HTTP/2.0", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000".

The browser gives:

502 Bad Gateway nginx/1.10.3 (Ubuntu)

Debug:

/etc/init.d/php*-fpm status

brings:

● php7.0-fpm.service - The PHP 7.0 FastCGI Process Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/php7.0-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-04-27 07:09:28 UTC; 3s ago
  Process: 16336 ExecStartPre=/usr/lib/php/php7.0-fpm-checkconf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 16346 (php-fpm7.0)
   Status: "Ready to handle connections"

My question

Why is the connection refused and my site is down?

Update for NerdOfLinux:

+ curl -I example.com
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 194
Connection: keep-alive

And

grep "listen" /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf | grep -v ";"
+ grep --color=auto -v ';'
+ grep --color=auto listen /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
listen = /run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
server php cache nginx 16.04

2 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    The issue at play is a misconfiguration by you of the nginx fastcgi_pass directive to point at a nonexistent backend/upstream gateway.

    Since 14.10 (or was it 15.10, I dont remember now exactly) php-fpm listens on a local UNIX socket and not TCP port 9000 by default. I know this because I spearheaded the effort to make this change in Ubuntu and Debian for the defaults for FPM, and it was accepted in the packaging. And I know this is your setup because of the listen = line of your FPM www.conf which says its listening on a socket.

    Put unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock in your fastcgi_pass directive in the nginx server block, and not the 127.0.0.1:9000 you have. That should then allow it to work properly because the correct PHP upstream gateway is then used.

    • 2

  2. check in your php-fpm pool definition which is to be found in /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d

    User www-data is used to run php-fpm:

    user = www-data group = www-data

    • -1