Previously, I thought Ubuntu-4.15.0-76.86 is based on 4.15.18
However, I just found it has some commits from kernel. For example ,ef61eb43ada6c1d6b94668f0f514e4c268093ff3 is a commit from linux 5.0 In ubuntu source code directory, the output of
git show ef61eb43ada6c1d6b94668f0f514e4c268093ff3
is totally the same as in mainline kernel. The result of
git describe ef61eb43ada6c1d6b94668f0f514e4c268093ff3
is also v5.0-12878-gef61eb43ada6. So Ubuntu-4.15.0-76.86 also forks from 5.0 and other kernel versions, not only from 4.15.18? They all exists in the source code directory as a branch?
Thanks
Ubuntu back-ports security patches/fixes from later kernels to supported kernels.
The 4.15 kernel is used by Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (plus 16.04 LTS with HWE enabled etc) so it'll thus have security fixes back-ported to it during it's supported life. This applies to other supported kernels, however generally not to new features - only security fixes/patches.