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Johnny5ive
Asked: 2020-07-29 02:24:32 +0800 CST

What's filling up my root directory? [duplicate]

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I have a 120gb SSD which is dedicated to /root and a separate HDD for /home but for some reason my root drive is full and I can't see why.

I've tried autoclean autoremove and clean but it hasn't helped.

I've been having problems with lightdm and spent hours scanning a faulty usb drive with testdisk, its possible some big error logs could have been created, though I don't know where.

Is there a way for me to trouble shoot this?

$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            2.9G     0  2.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           588M  1.8M  586M   1% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p2   96G   91G  284M 100% /
tmpfs           2.9G   26M  2.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs           2.9G     0  2.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1      114M  114M     0 100% /snap/audacity/675
/dev/loop2      157M  157M     0 100% /snap/chromium/1213
/dev/loop4       55M   55M     0 100% /snap/core18/1754
/dev/loop3       97M   97M     0 100% /snap/core/9665
/dev/loop5       97M   97M     0 100% /snap/core/9436
/dev/loop6      159M  159M     0 100% /snap/chromium/1229
/dev/loop7      162M  162M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/128
/dev/loop9      146M  146M     0 100% /snap/firefox/392
/dev/loop10     256M  256M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/36
/dev/loop8      161M  161M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/116
/dev/loop11     145M  145M     0 100% /snap/firefox/387
/dev/loop12     256K  256K     0 100% /snap/gtk2-common-themes/13
/dev/loop0      114M  114M     0 100% /snap/audacity/666
/dev/loop13     256K  256K     0 100% /snap/gtk2-common-themes/9
/dev/loop14      63M   63M     0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1506
/dev/loop15     116M  116M     0 100% /snap/spek/43
/dev/loop16      30M   30M     0 100% /snap/snapd/8140
/dev/nvme0n1p1  188M  7.8M  180M   5% /boot/efi
/dev/loop17     291M  291M     0 100% /snap/vlc/1700
/dev/loop18      55M   55M     0 100% /snap/core18/1880
/dev/loop19     112M  112M     0 100% /snap/simplescreenrecorder-brlin/69
/dev/loop20      30M   30M     0 100% /snap/snapd/8542
/dev/loop21     291M  291M     0 100% /snap/vlc/1620
/dev/sda1       3.4T  490G  2.7T  16% /home
tmpfs           588M   24K  588M   1% /run/user/1000

Ok, so syslog.1 and kernlog.1 are both 35.9 each, they probably would have gotten bigger if they could - this caused major problems with my system - lightdm stopped working and a login loop on boot.

EDIT: I need to open these to find out what the cause was, but I suspect they will lock up my PC with the amount of data to open - can anyone confirm this or have any suggestions to see the contents?

EDIT: Cause found, question answered. I think it may be better to ask another question RE: how to read/open the files

EDIT: The cause seems to have been testdisk or the faulty drive. I aborted a deepscan on the drive and unplugged it. The top 20 lines of syslog, thanks to Soren A, are:

Jul 27 14:09:08 ryzen kernel: [19606.795097] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 device offline or changed

enter image description here

disk disk-usage testdisk 20.04

4 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    First cd into your root directory. Then run this to find the biggest offenders:

    find . -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 -type d -exec du -sh {} \; | sort -rh | head

    Now cd into one of the big offenders and run the same command again. Keep going down the directory tree until you find the offending files.

    Explanation:

    • maxdepth says just do the find on the files in the "." directory
    • mindepth says don't include the "." directory (only look at files one level down from "."
    • the -type d flag says only match directories
    • exec says to execute the following command
    • du is the command to tell you how much disk space is used by files in a directory. the -s flag tells du to report the total from the given directory and all directories within it, not each subdirectory separately. The -h makes the bytes into human-readable format - like M for mega and G for giga.
    • exec replaces the {} symbols with the matched directory name
    • the ; simply terminates the command run by exec (the backslash escapes the ";" and the ";" ends the command)
    • then we pipe this whole output into sort which sorts the directory sizes from the find command -- the -r flag sorts in reverse order, the -h flag tells sort to interpret numbers like 10G and 10K by their value and not by their string sort order.
    • finally we pipe into head so that you don't get a screen full - you just see the top "offenders"
    • 15

  2. You can install the command line tool ncdu. It is a disk usage analyzer with a graphical interface.

    Example output:

    ncdu 1.14.1 ~ Use the arrow keys to navigate, press ? for help 
--- / ---------------------------------------------------------
   20.4 GiB [##########] /home                                 
   12.3 GiB [######    ] /usr
.   1.8 GiB [          ] /var
  800.7 MiB [          ] /lib
  117.4 MiB [          ] /boot
.  20.8 MiB [          ] /etc
   17.9 MiB [          ] /opt
   17.7 MiB [          ] /sbin
   11.9 MiB [          ] /bin
    4.8 MiB [          ] /lib32
.   1.1 MiB [          ] /run
   16.0 KiB [          ] /media
    • 7

  3. You could use the du (disk usage) command, for example like this:

    cd /
sudo du -sh *

    Then you will see how much space is used in each directory under / like /bin and /var and so on. Then you acn also do it inside a specific directory, depending on which directories turn out to contain lots of data.

    • 6

  4. You can use the GUI tool filelight which gives you your disk usage with a nice radial graphic. You see directly the biggest folders, inspect the subdirectories and open a file manager or a terminal on a directory in one right click.

    Filelight GUI window for a root directory

    you can install it with a simple sudo apt install filelight

    • 5