# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4177 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d5d11
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1265 10155008 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1265 1457 1544192 82 Linux swap / Solaris
My virtual machine have 34.4 GB disk, I had already divided it into 2 partitions /dev/sda1 (9.68 GiB) for root path and /dev/sda2 (1.47 GiB) for swap area, so that I have remain free space about 20.84 GiB
I can format unallocated space via Gparted, but If I want to use command line such as mke2fs
to handle this job, how I can refer to that free space to complete this command line.
mke2fs -jv /dev/<xxx>
You don't. You create a partition using the free space, and format that.