Questions[static-linking](ubuntu)

Trying to build a 32-bit app on kubuntu 18.04. I've got it to the point where I can use -m32 to compile my code in 32-bit mode, and am able to build a trivial app (once I installed multilibs). But now I'm trying to build an app that uses -lcurses, and ld is complaining about an incompatible X86-64 version of -ltinfo (which I assume is the 'terminfo' library - and is called in by my invoking the curses library). Specifically:

/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so when searching for -ltinfo

I've got cc -m32 on my final build line, and it's not complaining about any other libraries.

For what it's worth, if I go with the system defaults and allow my app to build as a 64-bit binary, everything builds - so I'm assuming I'm asking for all the right libraries, etc. It's just that the app doesn't work right as a 64-bit app, and before I go down the path of figuring out why that is, I thought I'd try to build it as a 32-bit app - which worked 20 years ago when I did my first 'proof of concept' linux build for this app ;-)

Is there some other way to invoke the 'ld' command to get the proper 32-bit libraries to load? Or do I have to install yet another 32-bit library package for -lcurses to work in 32-bit mode?

My C++ application works fine with default dynamic linking, but... I'm trying to statically link all libraries to the application as unfortunately users cannot seem to install appropriate libraries (or more precisely their ISPs won't on servers in use). So I added -static as a link option.
LD fails trying to open libgcc_s.a which seems wrong.
LD does successfully open libgcc.a
If I understand correctly (and please correct me if I'm in error!):

1. libgcc_s is the shared version of libgcc, an so shared object.
   A statically linked executable should only be using libgcc.a, not libgcc_s right?
2. other than -static, what linker arguments do I need to specify? It seems to be finding everything else it needs in .a flavor.

$ gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.4) 4.8.4 Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
$ uname -s -r --m
Linux 3.19.0-51-generic x86_64

Thanks in advance for any assistance, Best Regards, Dave

PS:

g++ -Xlinker -static -o "airparse"  ./src/ArcBuild.o ./src/ParsTool.o ./src/airparse.o ./src/airway.o ./src/coordint.o ./src/mapBuild.o 
./src/mapdata.o ./src/n_assert.o     
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s  
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s  
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status  
make: *** [airparse] Error 1

I want to compile a program and statically link it to glibc, so it can run on other Linux distributions without the user having to do any special configuration.

I tried using CFLAGS="-static -static-libgcc", but it statically links against all other libraries required, except glibc. I tried searching the apt repositories for a static version of glibc, but I couldn't find any.

How can I get a static library version of glibc on Ubuntu 18.04?

More information:

• The project is using autotools
• I am using the default gcc preinstalled with Ubuntu
• I set CFLAGS with export CFLAGS="-static -static-libgcc"
• I am compiling the project with cd tsschecker && ./autogen.sh && make
• Link to project(if you want to clone the project, make sure to use git clone --recurse-submodules)

I'm trying to build a project that depends on binary distributed static libraries.

The linker complains it cannot find ini_config functions, among others:

config_params.c:(.text+0x16f): undefined reference to  `ini_get_config_valueobj'

It finds the dynamic libraries, but not the static version:

attempt to open /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/libini_config.a failed
attempt to open /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libini_config.so succeeded

Those files are present on debian stretch. Is there a way to get them on ubuntu as well ?

I am trying to compile a large project, it includes a library:

SAMG/ifort64.9.1.041-emt64/lib/libguide.so

when I try to make project, there is an error message:

hidden symbol `pthread_atfork' in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a(pthread_atfork.oS) is referenced by DSO
/usr/bin/ld: final link failed: Bad value

I was trying add -pthreads as well as -lpthreads but it does not help.