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What IDEs are available for Ubuntu?
I know that asking for something like Visual Studio is too much but something that will let me write, debug and compile in a GUI instead of the command line is good enough for me. (Not that I'm lazy, but I don't have time to learn the necessary commands...)
codeblocks
Wikipedia: Code:Blocks
Geany
is a text editor using the GTK2 toolkit with basic features of an integrated development environment. It was developed to provide a small and fast IDE, which has only a few dependencies from other packages. It supports many filetypes and has some nice features.
Eclipse
Eclipse with Eclipse IDE for C/C++ Developers.
Some useful installation instructions here on Ubuntu Geek and here on Tech Guru Live
MonoDevelop
If you like Visual Studio, you will certainly like MonoDevelop. You can find it in the software center. You can even write .NET apps with it if you want to (like C# as you can see in the screenshot), but I suggest you don't ;)
CodeLite
More screenshots
For me CodeLite is the best replacement for Visual Studio
netbeans
Wikipedia: Netbeans
vim
Vim is also a good choice for writing C programs.
Anjuta
Anjuta DevStudio is a versatile software development studio featuring a number of advanced programming facilities including project management, application wizard, interactive debugger, source editor, version control, GUI designer, profiler and many more tools. It focuses on providing simple and usable user interface, yet powerful for efficient development.
Emacs
emacs
emacs-snapshot-gtk for the version which supports good readable freetype fonts, gtk and other visual goodies.
Emacs allows you to compile and debug inside the GUI. With CEDET package, it has got nice code completion for C and C++ projects. Color theme will give nice themes and syntax coloring for the source code. Emacs can be customized heavily using the e-lisp.
Emacs running with CEDET and color theme showing code completion.
Also refer to Ubuntu Community Help Wiki for EmacsHowto.
KDevelop
I very highly recommend KDevelop. It's a KDE program (cough KDE > gnome =P), but it will work under gnome. It's like a color explosion. Pretty much every single variable, class, method, language construct, etc has a different color. Not just local variables one color, global another etc. Every local variable will have a different color from each other.
It also integrates with cmake extremely well and is generally a great IDE to work with. I really wish there was a java and/or python plugin for it.