All Questions(ubuntu)

After Ubuntu 24.04 upgrade, Firefox has no issues while in Chrome, every full screen in YouTube and in one other website fills the screen with green and yellow horizontal lines. Looks like:

An attempt to take a screenshot briefly returns to a frozen normal screen.

Some other programs in full screen also result in the same yellow/green striped screen: VLC player and Visual Studio Code; while others such as Stremio have no issue with full screen.

Connecting an external screen negates the problem in all programs I checked (Chrome and VLC), full screen goes without problem both on the main and on the secondary screen. Disconnecting the external screen results in going back to the yellow/green stripes when in full screen.

I have asked about it in Chrome support.google in September, but have not received a reply.

For Chrome, I've tried: disabling Chrome extensions, disabling hardware acceleration, clearing cache and cookies, and reinstalling Chrome; but I saw no improvement.

I've tried to figure out what GPU drivers I have for my Intel® UHD Graphics 620 (WHL GT2). I followed the Intel instructions from here, but reached a dead end. 'clinfo' shows number of platforms 0, and I couldn't understand why. 'Software & Updates', in the tab for 'Additional Drivers' says that I do not have any proprietary drivers drivers in use and no additional drivers (It is empty).

I did not find questions about the same problem. Did anyone else encounter a similar problem and what have they tried? I am not sure what to check, and will appreciate any help and suggestions

I have configured Unbound to:

1. listen for domain queries on all interfaces in a LAN,
2. forward these domain queries to an external DNS resolver via TLS,
3. receive the resolved domain IPs from the external DNS resolver and return them to the corresponding clients.

How do I verify that such a configuration is functioning? Especially, how do I verify that:

1. Unbound has forwarded the domain queries to the desired external DNS resolver over TLS?
2. The resolved domain IPS are from the external DNS resolver and are not resolved by Unbound?

Below are two results from digging google.com. How can i use these results to do the above mentioned verifications?

root@DNS:/etc/unbound# dig google.com A @192.168.1.50 -p 3000

; <<>> DiG 9.18.28-0ubuntu0.24.04.1-Ubuntu <<>> google.com A @192.168.1.50 -p 3000
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 22452
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 6, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;google.com.            IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.138
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.100
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.113
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.101
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.139
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.102

;; Query time: 12 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.50#3000(192.168.1.50) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Wed Oct 30 14:04:16 UTC 2024
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 135

root@DNS:/etc/unbound# dig google.com A @192.168.1.50 -p 3000

; <<>> DiG 9.18.28-0ubuntu0.24.04.1-Ubuntu <<>> google.com A @192.168.1.50 -p 3000
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 39764
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 6, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;google.com.            IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.139
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.113
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.100
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.101
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.138
google.com.     300 IN  A   142.251.175.102

;; Query time: 184 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.1.50#3000(192.168.1.50) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Wed Oct 30 14:05:30 UTC 2024
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 135

Below are logs in unbound.log with verbosity: 3 after restarting the unbound.service and running the above dig command twice. I can see that the external DNS resolver is mentioned but I can't understand which line shows that it has resolved the domain and return the results to unbound.

[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: service stopped (unbound 1.19.2).
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 0: 0 queries, 0 answers from cache, 0 recursions, 0 prefetch, 0 rejected by ip ratelimiting
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 0: requestlist max 0 avg 0 exceeded 0 jostled 0
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 1: 0 queries, 0 answers from cache, 0 recursions, 0 prefetch, 0 rejected by ip ratelimiting
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 1: requestlist max 0 avg 0 exceeded 0 jostled 0
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 2: 0 queries, 0 answers from cache, 0 recursions, 0 prefetch, 0 rejected by ip ratelimiting
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 2: requestlist max 0 avg 0 exceeded 0 jostled 0
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 3: 0 queries, 0 answers from cache, 0 recursions, 0 prefetch, 0 rejected by ip ratelimiting
[1730296502] unbound[6506:0] info: server stats for thread 3: requestlist max 0 avg 0 exceeded 0 jostled 0
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: module config: "subnetcache validator iterator"
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] notice: init module 0: subnetcache
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] warning: subnetcache: serve-expired is set but not working for data originating from the subnet module cache.
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] warning: subnetcache: prefetch is set but not working for data originating from the subnet module cache.
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: subnetcache: option registered (8)
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] notice: init module 1: validator
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] notice: init module 2: iterator
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: target fetch policy for level 0 is 3
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: target fetch policy for level 1 is 2
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: target fetch policy for level 2 is 1
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: target fetch policy for level 3 is 0
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: target fetch policy for level 4 is 0
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: Forward zone server list:
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] info: DelegationPoint<dns.quad9.net.>: 0 names (0 missing), 4 addrs (0 result, 4 avail) parentNS
[1730296503] unbound[6658:2] debug: Forward zone server list:
[1730296503] unbound[6658:2] info: DelegationPoint<dns.quad9.net.>: 0 names (0 missing), 4 addrs (0 result, 4 avail) parentNS
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] debug: cache memory msg=66104 rrset=66104 infra=7952 val=66400 subnet=74536
[1730296503] unbound[6658:1] debug: Forward zone server list:
[1730296503] unbound[6658:1] info: DelegationPoint<dns.quad9.net.>: 0 names (0 missing), 4 addrs (0 result, 4 avail) parentNS
[1730296503] unbound[6658:0] info: start of service (unbound 1.19.2).
[1730296503] unbound[6658:2] debug: cache memory msg=66104 rrset=66104 infra=7952 val=66400 subnet=74536
[1730296503] unbound[6658:3] debug: Forward zone server list:
[1730296503] unbound[6658:3] info: DelegationPoint<dns.quad9.net.>: 0 names (0 missing), 4 addrs (0 result, 4 avail) parentNS
[1730296503] unbound[6658:1] debug: cache memory msg=66104 rrset=66104 infra=7952 val=66400 subnet=74536
[1730296503] unbound[6658:3] debug: cache memory msg=66104 rrset=66104 infra=7952 val=66400 subnet=74536
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: subnetcache[module 0] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_new
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: subnetcache operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: validator[module 1] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_pass
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: validator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_pass
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: resolving google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: resolving (init part 2):  google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: resolving (init part 3):  google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: processQueryTargets: google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: sending query: google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: sending to target: <google.com.> 216.239.38.10#53
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: cache memory msg=70045 rrset=100203 infra=29147 val=67208 subnet=74536
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_wait_reply event:module_event_reply
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: iterator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: response for google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: reply from <google.com.> 216.239.38.10#53
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: query response was ANSWER
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: finishing processing for google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: validator[module 1] operate: extstate:module_wait_module event:module_event_moddone
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: validator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: subnetcache[module 0] operate: extstate:module_wait_module event:module_event_moddone
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] info: subnetcache operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297056] unbound[5388:0] debug: cache memory msg=70045 rrset=100203 infra=29147 val=67208 subnet=74536
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: subnetcache[module 0] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_new
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: subnetcache operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: validator[module 1] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_pass
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: validator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_state_initial event:module_event_pass
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: resolving google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: resolving (init part 2):  google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: resolving (init part 3):  google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: processQueryTargets: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: sending query: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: sending to target: <com.> 2001:503:83eb::30#53
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: cache memory msg=78073 rrset=130165 infra=41184 val=69264 subnet=74536
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_wait_reply event:module_event_noreply
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: iterator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: processQueryTargets: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: sending query: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: sending to target: <com.> 192.41.162.30#53
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: cache memory msg=78073 rrset=130165 infra=41184 val=69264 subnet=74536
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_wait_reply event:module_event_reply
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: iterator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: response for google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: reply from <com.> 192.41.162.30#53
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: query response was REFERRAL
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: processQueryTargets: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: sending query: google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: sending to target: <google.com.> 216.239.32.10#53
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: cache memory msg=78073 rrset=132972 infra=41184 val=69414 subnet=74536
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: iterator[module 2] operate: extstate:module_wait_reply event:module_event_reply
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: iterator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: response for google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: reply from <google.com.> 216.239.32.10#53
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: query response was ANSWER
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: finishing processing for google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: validator[module 1] operate: extstate:module_wait_module event:module_event_moddone
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: validator operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: subnetcache[module 0] operate: extstate:module_wait_module event:module_event_moddone
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] info: subnetcache operate: query google.com. A IN
[1730297130] unbound[5379:0] debug: cache memory msg=78333 rrset=133364 infra=41492 val=69414 subnet=74536

This is a follow-up question to my 2nd question. The solution by @mpboden was implemented. In addition, I have added the auto-trust-anchor-file: and enabled remote-control:, as is defined in the Unbound example for Setting up for the rest of the network example.

server:
    directory: "/etc/unbound"
    username: "unbound"
    chroot: ""
    verbosity: 1
    logfile: "/etc/unbound/unbound.log"
    pidfile: "/etc/unbound/unbound.pid"
    # location of the trust anchor file that enables DNSSEC
    auto-trust-anchor-file: "/var/lib/unbound/root.key"
    # send minimal amount of information to upstream servers to enhance privacy
    qname-minimisation: yes
    # The port number on which the server responds to queries. 
    port: 3000
    # the interface that is used to connect to the network (this will listen to all interfaces)
    interface: 0.0.0.0
    interface: ::0
    # addresses from the IP range that are allowed to connect to the resolver
    access-control: 192.168.1.0/24 allow
    access-control: 2001:DB8::/64 allow

remote-control:
    # allows controling unbound using "unbound-control"
    control-enable: yes

However, I discovered 4 errors and 1 failure message using debug mode. From my troubleshooting efforts, I found that these error and failure messages occurred whenever control-enable: yes was allowed.

root@DNS:/etc/unbound# unbound -d -vv -c unbound.conf
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] notice: Start of unbound 1.19.2.
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] error: Error for server-cert-file: /etc/unbound/unbound_server.pem
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] error: Error in SSL_CTX use_certificate_chain_file crypto error:80000002:system library::No such file or directory
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] error: and additionally crypto error:10080002:BIO routines::system lib
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] error: and additionally crypto error:0A080002:SSL routines::system lib
[1730259092] unbound[6165:0] fatal error: could not set up remote-control

I have checked that /var/lib/unbound/root.key exists. Unbound still works but unbound-control can't be used. Unbound is looking for /etc/unbound/unbound_server.pem but this file does not exist. How do I resolve this remote-control config issue?

Update:

with @mpboden answer, I discovered that the command unbound-control-setup is meant to create these files in /etc/unbound: unbound_control.pem, unbound_server.pem, unbound_control.key, unbound_server.key, to allow remote control.

root@DNS:/etc/unbound# unbound-control-setup -h
usage: /usr/sbin/unbound-control-setup OPTIONS
OPTIONS
-d <dir>  used directory to store keys and certificates (default: /etc/unbound)
-h        show help notice
-r        recreate certificates
root@DNS:/etc/unbound# unbound-control-setup
setup in directory /etc/unbound
Certificate request self-signature ok
subject=CN = unbound-control
removing artifacts
Setup success. Certificates created. Enable in unbound.conf file to use
root@DNS:/etc/unbound# ls
unbound.conf    unbound.conf.d       unbound.pid          unbound_control.pem  unbound_server.pem
unbound.log     unbound_control.key  unbound_server.key

My question is why bash does not report against line 2 where I left off the trailing " at the end on purpose to see how it reports this back.

I run a bash script and get this error: ./test: line 4: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"'

#!/usr/bin/bash
echo "this is life
echo "now is the time"
echo "have we reached the end"

I followed the instructions on Mozilla support website:

Install Firefox .deb package for Debian-based distributions (Recommended)

To install the .deb package through the APT repository, do the following:

1. Create a directory to store APT repository keys if it doesn't exist:

   sudo install -d -m 0755 /etc/apt/keyrings
   

2. Import the Mozilla APT repository signing key:

   wget -q https://packages.mozilla.org/apt/repo-signing-key.gpg -O- | sudo tee /etc/apt/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.asc > /dev/null

   If you do not have wget installed, you can install it with: sudo apt-get install wget

3. The fingerprint should be 35BAA0B33E9EB396F59CA838C0BA5CE6DC6315A3. You may check it with the following command:

   gpg -n -q --import --import-options import-show /etc/apt/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.asc | awk '/pub/{getline; gsub(/^ +| +$/,""); if($0 == "35BAA0B33E9EB396F59CA838C0BA5CE6DC6315A3") print "\nThe key fingerprint matches ("$0").\n"; else print "\nVerification failed: the fingerprint ("$0") does not match the expected one.\n"}'

4. Next, add the Mozilla APT repository to your sources list:

   echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.asc] https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mozilla.list > /dev/null

5. Configure APT to prioritize packages from the Mozilla repository:

   echo '
   Package: *
   Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
   Pin-Priority: 1000
   ' | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla
   

6. Update your package list, and install the Firefox .deb package:

   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install firefox
   

So now I have:

$ apt list --installed | grep firefox
firefox/mozilla,now 132.0~build1 amd64 [installed]

$ snap list | grep firefox
firefox                    131.0.2-1                    5091   latest/stable
mozilla**         -

I don't mind having both apt and snap versions installed on my system. The problem is the apt version gets uninstalled when a software update is done even though the "Configure APT to prioritize packages from the Mozilla repository" step was done.

How do I stop the apt version being uninstalled and replaced by snap from software updates?