Naveen Reddy Marthala's questions

I am currently using Debian 10 and I was using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS along with Windows 10 Home in dual boot. And to install Debian 10, I have deleted the Ubuntu partition from disk-manager on Windows. After installing Debian, I could still find Ubuntu entry in BIOS and it had it's grub as well. So, as stated in this article, I tried to remove it from the boot entries, by doing the following, I couldn't.

reamler@reamlig:~$ sudo modprobe efivars
reamler@reamlig:~$ sudo efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0006
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0006,3006,0003,0002,2001,0001,0000,2002,2004
Boot0000* Notebook Hard Drive - WDC WD10JPVX-60JC3T1
Boot0001* Notebook Hard Drive - Samsung SSD 860 EVO M.2 500GB
Boot0002* ubuntu
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0006* debian
Boot3006* Internal Hard Disk or Solid State Disk
reamler@reamlig:~$ sudo efibootmgr -b -2 -B
Invalid bootnum value: FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE

reamler@reamlig:~$ sudo efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0006
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0006,3006,0003,0002,2001,0001,0000,2002,2004
Boot0000* Notebook Hard Drive - WDC WD10JPVX-60JC3T1
Boot0001* Notebook Hard Drive - Samsung SSD 860 EVO M.2 500GB
Boot0002* ubuntu
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0006* debian
Boot3006* Internal Hard Disk or Solid State Disk

How do I remove Ubuntu(or any OS) from my laptop completely?

I was deleting some files in a directory and without noticing that there was rm typed, i typed clear to empty the terminal. But, that accidentally deleted the command. I have tried to reinstall it, but to no avail:

naveen@naveen-hp:~$ clear

Command 'clear' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install ncurses-bin

naveen@naveen-hp:~$ sudo apt install ncurses-bin
[sudo] password for naveen:             
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
ncurses-bin is already the newest version (6.2-0ubuntu2).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
naveen@naveen-hp:~$ clear

Command 'clear' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install ncurses-bin

naveen@naveen-hp:~$ 

I am using Ubuntu 20.04LTS with Gnome. How to restore that command now?

I would like my webpages to think that I am almost 500 KMs away from my exact location. I am okay with my IP address being what it was and would also like to not change anything but my latitude and longitude. I am using an Intel laptop(hp bs-145tu) with Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. How do I do this?

##EDIT 1: As asked by @Carl H, What I want to do is, my location currently is lat a, long b. and i would like to change it to lat x, long y. i am okay with other things like IP address remaining same. I am trying to access some websites which work only when I am in the one of the city that this website delivers and I would like to set a location to see the food joints near to me, that that service delivers to.

I want to use different password to logging into desktop from what I can use for sudo -s or sudo -s -u root on terminal/bash. And also I don't want any additional users with different desktops(like windows). And I also don't want this to use to be able to even browse system folders and should only be able to play media and browse internet. Is there a way I can do this?

I am using Ubuntu 20.04.1 with GNOME 3.36.4.

I have some files inside a folder with various formats like .txt, .pem, .csv and .json.
I want only sudo/root to be able access them. I have done

chmod 700

and

chmod 600

on each of those files. But, I can still print the private key of my .pem files by doing cat on terminal without sudo privileges and open .json files from the file system in "gedit".

What has gone wrong? How do I not let anyone access the contents of those files?

I have been receiving updates to Ubuntu base every time I boot, only since a week. These updates are often very small, ranging anywhere from 200KB to 5MB. Is this normal? or Should I be worried?

I have only been using Ubuntu since a month. I am a beginner. So, please don't downvote this question.

I am using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on Intel laptop.

I have connected a sony TV to my laptop through HDMI port to use as a second monitor. But, content is being cut off on all four sides are cut off like shown in images below: top-left: bottom-left

Here's the output of xrandr in terminal:

naveen@naveen-hp:~$ xrandr --listmonitors
Monitors: 2
 0: +*eDP-1 1920/344x1080/193+1920+0  eDP-1
 1: +HDMI-1 1920/1600x1080/900+0+0  HDMI-1

My laptop's display and my TV, both are 1920x1080 60HZ displays.

Here's information about it in my settings page:

I couldn't find anything even similar to overscan or underscan in my TV settings, the settings are very basic in the TV. when I connect to the very same TV from windows 10, I don't see content on all 4 sides being chopped off like this. So, I presume this got to be something with Ubuntu. How do I fix this.

More info about my laptop: Intel core i5-8250U, no NVidia or any dedicated graphics card, but Intel Integrated graphics and on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

I had made changes to file

usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-classic.css

And

usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/Yaru/gnome-shell-theme.gresource

to decrease space between icons in app list. But, my system is now broken and after restart, I can't boot into Ubuntu.

I can go to recovery mode and access my terminal and grub is available too. I am using 20.04. How do I reverse those changes and properly boot into Ubuntu.

Like stated in this question, my system broke too, when i tried to remove multiple versions of python installed. I now want to keep only one installation, that is the latest one, and also to be able to not have confusions making virtual envs and to install packages to always a single python version and not deal with legacy and lot more reasons. I want to retain only one python version, which is python 3.9. How do I do this without breaking my system?

This is how many python versions I have installed on my 20.04 ubuntu 64-bit desktop.

naveen@naveen-hp:~$ whereis python3
python3: /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3.9 /usr/lib/python3 /usr/lib/python3.8 /usr/lib/python3.9 /etc/python3 /etc/python3.8 /etc/python3.9 /usr/local/lib/python3.8 /usr/local/lib/python3.9 /usr/include/python3.8 /usr/share/python3 /usr/share/man/man1/python3.1.gz
naveen@naveen-hp:~$ whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3.9 /usr/lib/python3.8 /usr/lib/python3.9 /usr/lib/python2.7 /etc/python3.8 /etc/python3.9 /usr/local/lib/python3.8 /usr/local/lib/python3.9 /usr/include/python3.8

I have dual booted Ubuntu 20.04 alongside Windows 10 this morning. Everything has been fine since installation, but now after restart I can't boot into Ubuntu and this is the error message I see:

I am using HP bs-145tu laptop with Intel core-i5 8250U with 8GB RAM and no GPU.

How do I fix this problem?

I have dual booted Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop alongside Windows 10. I had made an un-allocated partition of ~270GB on my Samsung 860ev0 500GB SSD for installed Ubuntu. I have installed Ubuntu successfully, in fact i am writing this question on Firefox on Ubuntu. But, when i check it on disk management on windows, that partition i had made is still un-allocated. Here is the result of "df" command of my terminal, results of which made no sense to me whatever.

Will you please help me figure out if I have installed Ubuntu on that partition!. And if I have not installed it on my SSd, will you please also point me to an article that shows how to install it on unallocated partition of my SSD and not on HDD.

FYI, I also have a 1 TB Western Digital HDD(NTFS formatted) in another slot of my laptop.

EDIT 1: here is the screenshot of Gparted for my SSD. I presume this means I have installed both operating systems on my SSD. Correct me if I am wrong.

EDIT 2:

naveen@naveen-lap:~$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0    7:0    0    55M  1 loop /snap/core18/1880
loop1    7:1    0 255.6M  1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/36
loop2    7:2    0  55.3M  1 loop /snap/core18/1885
loop3    7:3    0  62.1M  1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1506
loop4    7:4    0  29.9M  1 loop /snap/snapd/8542
loop5    7:5    0  49.8M  1 loop /snap/snap-store/467
loop6    7:6    0 217.9M  1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/60
loop7    7:7    0  30.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/9279
sda      8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
└─sda1   8:1    0 931.5G  0 part 
sdb      8:16   0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0   499M  0 part 
├─sdb2   8:18   0   100M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sdb3   8:19   0    16M  0 part 
├─sdb4   8:20   0 205.2G  0 part 
├─sdb5   8:21   0   844M  0 part 
└─sdb6   8:22   0 259.1G  0 part /
sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
naveen@naveen-lap:~$ sudo parted -l
[sudo] password for naveen: 
Model: ATA WDC WD10JPVX-60J (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      1049kB  1000GB  1000GB  primary  ntfs


Model: ATA Samsung SSD 860 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End    Size    File system  Name                          Flags
 1      1049kB  524MB  523MB   ntfs         Basic data partition          hidden, diag
 2      524MB   629MB  105MB   fat32        EFI system partition          boot, esp
 3      629MB   646MB  16.8MB               Microsoft reserved partition  msftres
 4      646MB   221GB  220GB   ntfs         Basic data partition          msftdata
 6      221GB   499GB  278GB   ext4
 5      499GB   500GB  885MB   ntfs                                       hidden, diag


naveen@naveen-lap:~$