CONTEXT

• Ubuntu 22.04 Desktop: MQTT server

• Goal: run python (paho with logger) script as a service

• .py logging routine tests as expected (not in an venv):

python3 mqtt2log.py

line 6 of the script is: import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

A .service file is coped to /etc/system/system:

# run python script as service
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/634422/182280e
# copy this .service description to /etc/systemd/system/myscript.service
# /home/user/mqtt2log.py

[Unit]
Description=mqtt2log.py

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/user/mqtt/mqtt2log.py

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

OBSERVATIONS

ls -l /etc/systemd/system/mqtt2log.service returns:

-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 314 Jan 11 17:41 /etc/systemd/system/mqtt2log.service

sudo systemctl status mqtt2log returns:

Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt systemd[1]: Started mqtt2log.py.
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt python3[158388]: Traceback (most recent call last):
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt python3[158388]:   File "/home/user/mqtt/mqtt2log.py", line 6, in <module>
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt python3[158388]:     import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt python3[158388]: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'paho'
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt systemd[1]: mqtt2log.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jan 31 13:01:30 mqtt systemd[1]: mqtt2log.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

The error messages seem to indicate the paho module can not be found in line 6: import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

QUESTIONS

Error returned: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'paho'

1. Why is the paho module not found?

2. What diagnostic steps can be taken?

I am puzzled by the fact that the python script runs from the command line. Maybe this is somehow a permissions issue?

MQTT / Paho INSTALL

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install mosquitto
sudo vi /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf 
    allow_anonymous true
    listener 1883
sudo systemctl restart mosquitto
sudo apt install python3-pip
pip3 install paho-mqtt
sudo apt install -y mosquitto-clients

hw-probe https://linux-hardware.org/?probe=7d09386126

The goal is to setup efax-gtk for a HP 8440p laptop (lshw pastebin click here):

ls /dev returns:

How does one determine serial device & lock file parameters to configure Modem Parameters in the first screenshot?

FreeDOS .img was burned to a USB drive via balena etcher.

A UEFI only desktop does not recognize the FreeDOS USB stick for boot. USB bootup tests, on a BIOS laptop, indicates a successful legacy boot.

QUESTIONS

• What is required to be UEFI bootable?
• Is it possible to change the Partition table from MSDOS to GPT?

UPDATE

The Dell 7010 desktop firmware is old and for some reason: only UEFI boot. The Legacy boot option is greyed-out. Booting from the DVD/CD is not possible

The goal is to update the firmware with a DOS executable provided at this link:

https://www.dell.com/support/home/en-us/drivers/DriversDetails?driverId=5M70H

From 16.04 command line:

$ ssh [email protected] "curl http://192.168.8.5/tstat"
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:--  0:00:01 --:--:--     0{"temp":68.00,"tmode":2,"fmode":0,"override":0,"hold":0,"t_cool":82.00,"program_mode":1,"tstate":0,"fstate":0,"time":{"day":5,"hour":1100   164    0   164    0     0    101      0 --:--:--  0:00:01 --:--:--   101

Why is the speed table returned and how can this be surpressed?

Ubuntu 16.04: Verify latest youtube-dl version:

$ sudo apt-get install youtube-dl
youtube-dl is already the newest version (2016.02.22-1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 137 not upgraded.

Why does video's URL fail?

$ youtube-dl -F  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFzSCJHp0lo
[youtube] ZFzSCJHp0lo: Downloading webpage
[youtube] ZFzSCJHp0lo: Downloading video info webpage
WARNING: Unable to extract video title
ERROR: This video is unavailable.

Python Version

$ readlink -f $(which python) | xargs -I % sh -c 'echo -n "%: "; % -V'
/usr/bin/python2.7: Python 2.7.12

When a unknown file type is to be opened, a list of applications is presented and an application is chosen. What are the steps to add Sublime editor to the list in Ubuntu 16.04?

Firefox 69.0.1 on Ubuntu: How does one save a group of tabs as single line-item? It would be very useful to be able to recall the saved group in a future browsing session.

What are the Ubuntu options to create CSV tables from an image:

Ideally, options would be simple and quick. Image is from Yield Curve article

Assume a set of .docx files are in a directory to be converted to .pdf format. Is there a clever way to list the files and pipe it into a command that would 'print' the pdf files to a target directory? For example the resulting output of

ls -l *.docx

would be fed into the pdf-command (how this is done is at your discretion).

Assume MS-Word is not installed on the PC (Office Libre installed).

Preference is for solutions requiring minimal installation of Ubuntu utilities / packages and are well documented. Thank you

Context: 16.04

How does one mouse right-click action to compute the MD5 sum of a file?

The Lexmark E210 support site provides the printer driver for RedHat Linux systems, however, I think that is not for Debian-based distributions like Ubuntu.

What files and steps are needed to drive the Lexmark E210? If you have had success, please indicate this in your response and the version of Ubuntu or Lubuntu.

What are the steps to configure 16.04's Nautilus file manager to display thumbnails of .HEIC photos?

file IMG_1001.HEIC
IMG_1001.HEIC: ISO Media

lsusb | grep UART

returns:

Bus 001 Device 006: ID 10c4:ea60 Cygnal Integrated Products, Inc.
CP210x UART Bridge / myAVR mySmartUSB light

How can I confirm that the device is at: /dev/ttyUSB0 without unplugging the USB device?

ls /dev/tty* | grep USB

returns /dev/ttyUSB0 only when the device is plugged in, which seems to confirm the USB port location. I am seeking a confirmation process does not involve unplugging the USB device.

Update:

the USB device is not a disk: it is a ESP32 microcontroller

A large number of .ppt (Powerpoint) files are available to the command line in various directories of a USB drive. The goal is to find the .ppt file with a case sensitive phrase:

Phrase: 'Return on investment'

It would be preferable if the search mechanism where recursive. Bonus-round for explanations that with an explanation the trapping mechanism and build-out to recursively searching the disk. Thank you

UPDATE

Success thanks to Steeldriver for pointing to helpful search mechanism:

grep -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e "pattern"

• -r or -R is recursive,
• -n is line number, and
• -w stands for match the whole word.
• -l (lower-case L) can be added to just give the file name of matching files.

Along with these, --exclude, --include, --exclude-dir or --include-dir flags could be used for efficient searching:

• This will only search through those files which have .c or .h extensions:

  grep --include=\*.{c,h} -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e "pattern"
  

• This will exclude searching all the files ending with .o extension:

grep --exclude=*.o -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e "pattern"

• Just like exclude files, it's possible to exclude/include directories through --exclude-dir and --include-dir parameter. For example, this will exclude the dirs dir1/, dir2/ and all of them matching *.dst/:

grep --exclude-dir={dir1,dir2,*.dst} -rnw '/path/to/somewhere/' -e "pattern"

This works very well for me, to achieve almost the same purpose like yours.

For more options check man grep.

16.04 is installed alongside Windows. I will free space for 16.04 by shrinking the Windows partition. I understand that it is necessary to boot from a CD \ USB and use a tool like partimage to reallocate disk space.

When resizing the 16.04 partition gParted provided a warning:

Moving a partition might cause your operating system to fail to boot

• What can be done before reallocating diskspace (via Gparted) to prevent boot failure?
• After resizing, what tasks must be performed to configure 16.04 to use the added diskspace?

EPILOGUE

Results include 16.04 indicating in the file manager that there is now 25GB (previously 13GB).

More information on the original state is documented (click here)

The Windows partition was shrunk with the diskmgmt.msc console.. gParted was used to resize (expand) the Ubuntu partition: originally 13GB.

$ sudo fdisk -l

Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *         2048   1026047   1024000   500M  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2         1026048 381746822 380720775 181.6G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3       467251200 468858879   1607680   785M 27 Hidden NTFS WinRE
/dev/sda4       381747200 467251199  85504000  40.8G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       381749248 433881087  52131840  24.9G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6       433883136 467251199  33368064  15.9G 82 Linux swap / Solaris

A successful chkdsk was performed on Windows and indicated "no problems found and no futher action required"

I am accustomed to using Putty on a Windows box or an OSX command line terminal to SSH into a NAS, without any configuration of the client.

Ubuntu 16.04 attempts to SSH into the NAS (via LAN):

ssh [email protected]

Unable to negotiate with 192.168.8.109 port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-dss

1. Is this result / response intentional?
2. Is there a simple correction that enables SSH access to the NAS?

A monitor is attached to a Win10 box and a second monitor to 16.04. The right monitor is 16.04 and left monitor is Win10.

I am seeking the name of the "class of software" that describes all instances that performs the function. For example, MS-Excel is a member of the spreadsheet class.

Is there a class of software that allows the Win10 keyboard/mouse pair to detect when the user sends the mouse off the right-edge of the monitor to signal intent to send mouse+keyboard inputs to 16.04? These controls signals could be sent through the LAN. Naturally, the reverse from 16.04 to Win10 would be needed to return the KB/Mouse commands back to the Win10 box.

Hopefully, I have explained this concept well: I welcome any improvement.

The neighbor's 2005 tech (desktop and laptop) both have 512MB with XP. The plan is to replace XP with either lubuntu or Ubuntu (preferable).

lubuntu with 512M is tolerable on the desktop (Dell XPS400): not so with Ubuntu. Before I buy any RAM (2GB Max) for either computer, I would like to know if I can expect users to have a responsive experience on Ubuntu with 2GB. The latop is a EEE-PC 1000HE.

If you have experience running Ubuntu 16.04 on 2GB of RAM please state this in your response, hardware (SSD?), and comment if it is responsive. If it is not, then I am inclined to just leave them with 512MB and install lubuntu. Thank you

Update: Received temporary custody and here are the updated specs

• Desktop Specs RAM:512MB
• Notebook Specs RAM:2GB Intel Atom N280 Atom @1.66Ghz

Two Elitebook HP laptops (different models) use the same type SATA drive. Ubuntu 16.04 was installed on laptop A. If it is transplanted to laptop B, can I expect it to work correctly if I haven't done any important modification to the default settings?

I realize that I can simply perform the transplant, however, it makes sense to pose the question to avoid any landmines and avoid wasting time.

CONFIGURATION:

• HP Elitebook 8440p: NVIDIA Corporation GT218M [NVS 3100M] (rev a2)
• Ubuntu 16.04

SYMPTOMS of failed wake-up from suspend:

1. "TV Static"
2. black screen: suspend invoked by lid-close
3. white screen: suspend invoked by power button

What test can be done to determine the root cause \ corrective action?

Update: Driver status screenshot