Anwar's questions

Since Ubuntu 18.04 (maybe from 17.10, I can't remember), some languages' font hinting are lost in Chrome-like browsers (like Chromium, Bangla, ... ). Also, Chrome's UI font itself renders so bad that the use of Chromium on Ubuntu became impossible. Interestingly, all Ubuntu derivatives inherited this bug but other distros like Manjaro don't show this behaviour.

Below is a screenshot demonstrating the problem: the text of "Autofill" and "Appearance" becomes fuzzy (Click on both of the images for a full-size image)

Below a screenshot of the expected behaviour:

What's an easy fix to this issue?

We can change fonts in GNOME, XFCE, Unity sessions using terminal commands. But I haven't found any such thing for KDE. Is there anything that does the job of tools like gsettings or dconf for KDE?

To clear the question more, I know I can use System Settings GUI tool for changing settings. But It's boring to open it for simple task like this. Also It's cumbersome to use in a script.

I'm using KDE 5 in Ubuntu 16.04

I noticed, In 16.04, apt-get update downloads more data. Some of the big files include DEP-11 things which I don't know much about.

I have found a Debian Wiki page https://wiki.debian.org/AppStream, which says these files YAML-formatted metadata provided for ---

The metadata can for example be used by software centers like GNOME Software or KDE Discover to display a user-friendly application-centric way on the package archive.

But, I don't use these Software Centers and I don't want to fetch those huge files. How do I disable fetching of these wastes?

I know I can do this in Unity with compiz. But didn't find a way to do same in KDE. I'm using Ubuntu 14.04 with full kubuntu-desktop installed.

Btw, I noticed an option for inactive window. But I wanted for active window.

How do I use non-regular variant of a font in Ubuntu?

Simply stating, I was trying to use light variant of a font. However, I couldn't. Every time I select those light variant, Ubuntu reluctantly used the same regular one.

For example, Today, I was trying to use Dosis font. When I choose this using Ubuntu-Tweak (or Unity-Tweak-Tool), Ubuntu selected the light one. I wanted to use Medium one, since that was giving more contrast. But selecting Dosis-Medium gave the save light rendering!!

Lastly, I tried using fonts.conf in .config/fontconfig directory. I've put these lines in that file. Putting these lines forces Ubuntu to display medium variant, but then Every Dosis fonts become Medium. There is no way to use Light variant anymore.

  <match>
    <test name="family"><string>Dosis</string></test>
    <edit name="style" mode="assign" binding="strong">
      <string>Medium</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

In short, How can I select or use different variant of a font in Ubuntu. A solution using fonts.conf is also okay.

Output of fc-list 'Dosis'

    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-Light.otf: Dosis:style=Light
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-SemiBold.otf: Dosis:style=SemiBold
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-Bold.otf: Dosis:style=Bold
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-Book.otf: Dosis:style=Book
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-ExtraBold.otf: Dosis:style=ExtraBold
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-ExtraLight.otf: Dosis:style=ExtraLight
    /usr/share/fonts/opentype/dosis/Dosis-Medium.otf: Dosis:style=Medium

Output of fc-match 'Dosis'

    Dosis-Medium.otf: "Dosis" "Medium"

Output of fc-match 'Dosis-Medium'

    Dosis-Medium.otf: "Dosis" "Medium"

Screenshot of Dosis font selecting light variant:

If I use fonts.conf, all dosis become same

I enabled Hibernate in 12.04 following the procedure given in this question : How to enable hibernation?

But, Even after I enabled it, The hibernate isn't working. By not working, I mean the computer is hibernating correctly, but it is not resuming. I always given the login screen and a fresh session.

How can I enable hibernate that successfully resume?

I want to give mount privilege to the non-admin users to mount the drives via nautilus. I don't want them to give other admin privilege. I also don't want to use setuid method.

How can I achieve this? I'm using Ubuntu 12.04.

I observed that the shortcut for closing a tab in Firefox/Chrome/Chromium (Ctrl+F4) doesn't work on KDE. It seems it is being intercepted by KWin.

Is there any fix or workaround for this problem?

I am using Ubuntu 12.04 with default Unity interface. I installed later the KDE desktop, XFCE, LXDE, gnome-shell and Cinnamon.

The KDE comes with different default applications than Unity, such as

• kwrite for text editing,
• konsole as virtual terminal,
• kfontview for font viewing and installing,
• dolphin as File browser etc.

Other DE come with some other default applications.

The problem arises when you want to open a file such as a text file, with which can both be opened by gedit and kwrite, I want to use kwrite on KDE and gedit on Unity or Gnome. But, there is no way to set like this. I can set default application for text file by changing respective settings in both KDE and Unity, but It become default for both DE.

For example, If I set kfontviewer as default font viewing application in KDE, it also opens fonts when I am in Unity or Gnome and vice versa. This is a problem because, loading other DE's program takes long time than the default one for the used DE.

My question is: Can I use different default applications for different DE? How?

I have downloaded several gnome-shell extensions from official Gnome site and installed. But, I don't want to install them every time, I re-install my Ubuntu. I want to have a feature to backup those extensions and restore them as required.

How can I do that?

Recently, I discovered that, Unity lenses can access Internet to fetch information. Such as Video lens. But I want to disable that feature, since It is no use to me.

Can I disable access to Internet by Unity Video lens? If yes, How?

I have been using Ubuntu since Hardy Heron (8.04). I used Natty, Oneiric with Unity. But When I recently (more than 1 month now) upgraded My Ubuntu to Precise (12.04), the performance of my laptop is not satisfactory. It is too unresponsive compared to older releases.

For example, the Unity in 12.04 is very unresponsive. Sometimes, it requires 2 seconds to show up the dash (which was not the case with Natty, though people always saying that Natty's version of Unity is buggiest). I am assuming that, May be my 1GB RAM now becomes too low to run Unity of Precise. But I also think, Since Unity is improved in Precise, It may not be the case. So, I am not sure.

Do you have any ideas? Will upgrading RAM fix it? How much I need if upgrade is required?

Laptop model: "Lenovo 3000 Y410"
Graphic : "Intel GMA X3100" on Intel 965GM Chipset.
RAM/Memory : "1 GB DDR2" (1 slot empty).
Swap space : 1.1GB
Resolution: 1280x800 widescreen
Shared RAM for Graphics: 256 MB as below output suggests

$ dmesg | grep AGP
[    0.825548] agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: AGP aperture is 256M @ 0xd0000000

Possible Duplicate:
How do I find out which process is eating up my bandwidth?

Sometimes there is unusual internet activity on my Computer. The modem's lights are always blinking and when I open system monitor, I see there some unknown program is using my precious internet with 64KB/S (I have 512kbps connection). I am in a firefox session with only one tab opened, and the page is already loaded and there is no busy sign in the page (that rotating orange circle).

In that situation I unplug my modem and reconnect it again. After several times doing this, that unusual activity stops. It annoys me very much.

How can I find out the process which is using the Internet?. How much it is using? How can I kill it?

A graphical solution will be better.

There is a chmod command to set file permissions, but can I get file permissions in octal mode (such as 755) from the command line?

We see Most of the Windows softwares are packaged in a single executable file. When I double-click Setup file, it sets up all the files, binaries and libraries with it.

I understand the dependency of Ubuntu or more generally linux packages. But I wonder, Why these exists. Isn't it possible to build a single file with all dependencies? What is the problems with this method?

Please try to give the reason in details.

I want to insert text at the top of an already existing file. How can I achieve this. I tried echo and tee but was not successful.

I was trying to insert repo line at the top of sources.list file from terminal.

Note

I need an one line quick solution, because another answer's method was known to me already

Why Unity is named as "Unity"? Is there a philosophy behind Unity's name or is it just a normal naming?

I liked the mouse gesture of Windows 7 to minimize all open windows except the active one. Can I have that kind of gestures to use in Unity.

or What are the mouse gestures available for Unity?

Is there any text editor with support for Markdown (formatting syntax used by Ask Ubuntu) which can be used to write questions or answers while you are offline?

Summary

How can I make apt-get prefer local repository packages instead of downloading again the same package version from official repositories? The local repository is signed and trusted. We've already tried apt preferences priority.

Original question was : "How to assign highest priority to local repository without using sources.list file"

I have setup a local repository with packages I downloaded. I use it to avoid downloading the same packages over the Internet, when I need to reinstall my Ubuntu. It is a basic repository, created with apt-ftparchive packages . > Packages. I made this a trusted repository to avoid "unauthenticated repository" warning. (When you have a untrusted repository, apt or synaptic try to download the same packages over the Internet, 'cause it is trusted).

I have been using this local repository for at least 1 years. But I have to always put my local repository line at the top of the sources.list file to use this. But this is annoying, since I must open a terminal and do some typing on it every time I reinstall Ubuntu, though there is a better tool software-properties-gtk. I cannot use this tool since it place the source line at the end of `sources.list.

And the real problem is that, the apt or synaptic always download a package from the source which is mentioned earlier, without inspecting whether the packages are already available in the local repository. So, I have no choice but to place the local source at the top of sources.list doing terminal (I actually don't hate terminal, but I need a solution) .

I have tried this method. But this does not help me.

My preference file is this in /etc/apt/preferences.d/local-pin-900

    Package: *
    Pin: release o=Local,n=ubuntu-local
    Pin-Priority: 900

My release file is this

    Origin: Local
    Label: Local-Ubuntu
    Description: Local Ubuntu Repository
    Codename: ubuntu-local
    MD5Sum:
     ed43222856d18f389c637ac3d7dd6f85          1043412 Packages
     d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e                0 Sources

When I enable the apt-preference, the apt-cache policy correctly shows the preference, e.g. It shows the local repository has the highest priority.

But when I do this sudo apt-get install <package-name>, apt tries to download it from Internet. But when I place my local-repo at the top, it installs from local repository.

So, My question is -> 'Is it possible to force apt to use local repository when the package is available in local repository, without explicitly placing "the local source" at the top of my repository list (e.g sources.list file) ?'

Edit: output of apt-cache policy $package_name is as follows

  
nautilus-wipe:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 0.1.1-2
  Version table:
     0.1.1-2 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe i386 Packages
        900 file:/media/Main/Linux-Software/Ubuntu/Precise/  Packages

It is showing that my local repository has higher preference, though it is not the one which comes first in sources.list file.

Here is the output of apt-get install nautilus-wipe

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nautilus-wipe
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 131 not upgraded.
Need to get 30.7 kB of archives.
After this operation, 150 kB of additional disk space will be used.
'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/n/nautilus-wipe/nautilus-wipe_0.1.1-2_i386.deb' nautilus-wipe_0.1.1-2_i386.deb 30730 MD5Sum:7d497b8dfcefe1c0b51a45f3b0466994

It is still trying to get the file from Internet, though I think it should be happy with the local one.

Result of using "" or localhost as mediageek suggested

Using localhost has no effect. but "" has but was not different than my method

    Package: *
    Pin: origin ""
    Pin-Priority: 1001

I have used them before posting the question. But again i tried this (for surity). The same result. apt-cache policy showing that my local repository has indeed the highest priority. but when i tried to install it is saying "Need to get XXX/XXX KB of archive".