Negrito's questions

I upgraded to Ubuntu 20.04 via do-release-upgrade -d. From the terminal everything looked fine. However, when I reboot my desktop again, I found that it's a broken upgrade, icons are lost, some apps like nautilus can't launch, etc.

I ran apt update and it shows 357 packages can be upgraded. but when I did apt upgrade -y

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 libice6:i386 libsm6:i386 libxt6:i386 python-notify
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages have been kept back:
  appstream blender blender-data colord compizconfig-settings-manager cpp-7
  cups cups-bsd cups-client cups-core-drivers cups-daemon cups-filters
  cups-filters-core-drivers cups-ipp-utils cups-ppdc dash deja-dup dpkg
  evolution-data-server fcitx-frontend-qt5 fcitx-modules fontforge
  fontforge-common fwupd fwupd-signed fwupdate gcc-7 gcc-7-base gcc-7-multilib
  gcc-8-base gcc-8-base:i386 gdal-data ghostscript ghostscript-x
  gir1.2-freedesktop gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0
  gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-ibus-1.0 gir1.2-pango-1.0
  gir1.2-polkit-1.0 gir1.2-rb-3.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 gjs glib-networking
  glib-networking-services gnome-calendar gnome-control-center
  gnome-control-center-data gnome-initial-setup gnome-power-manager
  gnome-session-bin gnome-session-common gnome-settings-daemon gnome-shell
  gnome-shell-common gnome-shell-extension-appindicator
  gnome-shell-extension-ubuntu-dock gnome-software gnome-software-common
  gnome-software-plugin-snap gnome-startup-applications gnome-tweaks
  gnuplot-data gnuplot-qt gparted gsettings-desktop-schemas gstreamer1.0-alsa
  gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 gstreamer1.0-libav
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio
  gstreamer1.0-vaapi gstreamer1.0-x gtk-update-icon-cache gvfs gvfs-backends
  gvfs-bin gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs hplip hplip-data ibus
  ibus-gtk ibus-gtk3 lib32asan4 lib32cilkrts5 lib32gcc-7-dev lib32mpx2
  lib32ubsan0 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libappstream-glib8 libappstream4
  libapt-pkg-perl libasan4 libcairo-gobject-perl libcairo-perl libcilkrts5
  libclone-perl libcups2 libcups2:i386 libcupsimage2 libdazzle-1.0-0
  libebackend-1.2-10 libegl-mesa0 libfcgi-perl libfcitx-qt5-1
  libfile-fcntllock-perl libgail-3-0 libgail-common libgail-common:i386
  libgail18 libgail18:i386 libgbm1 libgcab-1.0-0 libgcc-7-dev libgcc1
  libgcc1:i386 libgfortran4 libgirepository-1.0-1 libgjs0g libgl1-mesa-dri
  libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libglapi-mesa libglapi-mesa:i386
  libglib-object-introspection-perl libglib-perl libglib2.0-0
  libglib2.0-0:i386 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev-bin
  libglibmm-2.4-1v5 libglx-mesa0 libglx-mesa0:i386 libgs9 libgs9-common
  libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0
  libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386 libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0
  libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libgtk2.0-bin
  libgtkmm-2.4-1v5 libgtkmm-3.0-1v5 libhpmud0 libhtml-parser-perl
  libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libibus-1.0-5 libio-pty-perl
  libio-socket-ssl-perl libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 liblist-moreutils-perl
  liblocale-gettext-perl libmpx2 libnautilus-extension1a libnet-dbus-perl
  libnet-dns-perl libnet-libidn-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libosmesa6
  libosmesa6:i386 libpango-1.0-0 libpango-1.0-0:i386 libpangocairo-1.0-0
  libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386
  libpangomm-1.4-1v5 libpangoxft-1.0-0 libperlio-gzip-perl
  libplexus-utils2-java libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0
  libpython-all-dev libpython3-dev libpython3-stdlib libqt5concurrent5
  libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5opengl5
  libqt5opengl5-dev libqt5printsupport5 libqt5qml5 libqt5quick5
  libqt5quickcontrols2-5 libqt5quicktemplates2-5 libqt5sql5 libqt5sql5-sqlite
  libqt5svg5 libqt5test5 libqt5widgets5 libqt5x11extras5 libqt5xml5
  libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer libreoffice-base-core
  libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-gnome libreoffice-gtk3
  libreoffice-l10n-en-za libreoffice-l10n-zh-cn libreoffice-math
  libreoffice-style-breeze libreoffice-style-galaxy libreoffice-style-tango
  librhythmbox-core10 libsane-common libsane-hpaio libsane1 libsane1:i386
  libsmbclient libsocket6-perl libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1 libstdc++-7-dev
  libsub-name-perl libtdb1 libtdb1:i386 libtext-charwidth-perl
  libtext-iconv-perl libubsan0 libvlc-bin libvlc5 libwbclient0
  libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 libwine libwine:i386 libwww-perl libx32asan4
  libx32cilkrts5 libx32gcc-7-dev libx32ubsan0 libxml-libxml-perl
  libxml-parser-perl libyaml-libyaml-perl lintian lm-sensors mutter nautilus
  nautilus-data octave octave-common orca pavucontrol pdfshuffler perl
  perl-base playonlinux policykit-1 printer-driver-brlaser
  printer-driver-gutenprint printer-driver-hpcups printer-driver-postscript-hp
  python-all python-all-dev python-asn1crypto python-cairo python-cffi-backend
  python-crypto python-cryptography python-dbus python-enum34 python-gobject-2
  python-idna python-ipaddress python-keyring python-pip-whl
  python-pkg-resources python-pypdf2 python-setuptools python-six python-tk
  python-wxgtk3.0 python-wxversion python-xdg python3 python3-apt
  python3-brlapi python3-cairo python3-cffi-backend python3-crypto
  python3-cups python3-dbus python3-dev python3-distutils python3-evdev
  python3-gdbm python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-lib2to3 python3-markupsafe
  python3-minimal python3-netifaces python3-pil python3-pip python3-protobuf
  python3-renderpm python3-reportlab python3-reportlab-accel
  python3-setproctitle python3-simplejson python3-systemd python3-uno
  python3-venv python3-yaml python3-zope.interface qml-module-qt-labs-settings
  qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects qml-module-qtquick-controls2
  qml-module-qtquick-layouts qml-module-qtquick-templates2
  qml-module-qtquick-window2 qml-module-qtquick2 qt5-gtk-platformtheme
  qt5-qmake qt5-qmake-bin qtbase5-dev qtbase5-dev-tools rhythmbox
  rhythmbox-plugins samba-common samba-common-bin samba-libs sane-utils
  texinfo ubuntu-session ubuntu-software unattended-upgrades ure vlc vlc-bin
  vlc-data vlc-plugin-base vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-skins2
  vlc-plugin-video-output winbind wine-stable wine32:i386 wine64 winetricks
  xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 357 not upgraded.

Basically, the system didn't allow me to upgrade. When I tried to install some of these manually, the most common problem it returns is

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 gsettings-desktop-schemas : Breaks: mutter (< 3.31.4) but 3.28.4-0ubuntu18.04.2 is to be installed
 libreoffice-common : Breaks: libreoffice-core (< 1:6.4.2~rc1) but 1:6.0.7-0ubuntu0.18.04.10 is to be installed
                      Recommends: python3-uno (>= 4.4.0~beta2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

So it's defi something wrong with the dependencies, but I yet don't know how to fix.

Here is my update log where errors are found

$ cat /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log|grep error
  MarkInstall libgpg-error0:amd64 < 1.27-6 -> 1.37-1 @ii umU IPb > FU=0
  new important dependency: libgpg-error-l10n:amd64
  Installing libgpg-error-l10n as Recommends of libgpg-error0
    MarkInstall libgpg-error-l10n:amd64 < none -> 1.37-1 @un uN > FU=0

For every boot, I can't click folders on my desktop, for apps there is no problem. Also, every time I download something from browser and click "show in File Manager", a notification of "Files is ready" pops out (see below), the nautilus does open a new window but doesn't pop out, you have to click the dock icon to open it by yourself.

The only solution is killall nautilus-desktop and then nautilus-desktop & disown. However, despite now I can click, there are two problems:

1. Every time I click an icon, nautilus will show a notification, same "File is ready" shown above, and it does pop out.

2. For downloads it pops out as well, with notification.

3. After rebooting, I have to do it again.

I have tried to reinstall nautilus, but the problem persists.

I have a directory that contains fifty folders named F01, F02....,F05. I want to count the total file number in F25 ~ F48, however, the only way I know is ls -1d F2[5-9]/*|wc -l and then type ls -1d F[3-4][0-9]/*|wc -l, and sum them up. Apparently this is not the right approach and it also includes F49.

So, what's the elegant way to do ls in this kind of certain pattern?

I am using Ubuntu Server (18.04) with Xfce desktop environment (via VNC) on my server, and I struggle to figure out how to change keyboard layout as you can see here. The only choice is US. Other options are also unchangeable

If I click the edit, this is how it looks

I have Ubuntu server (18.04) and I wanted to visualize it using VNC, I managed to install ubuntu-desktop and tigervncserver, but failed to visualize. I used several ways that I got from the internet but also failed. Then I tried to install lubuntu-desktop, but also failed. Here is my log:

    user@as0018:~/.vnc$ cat /home/user/.vnc/as0018:1.log
22/06/20 10:23:32 Xvnc version TightVNC-1.3.10
22/06/20 10:23:32 Copyright (C) 2000-2009 TightVNC Group
22/06/20 10:23:32 Copyright (C) 1999 AT&T Laboratories Cambridge
22/06/20 10:23:32 All Rights Reserved.
22/06/20 10:23:32 See http://www.tightvnc.com/ for information on TightVNC
22/06/20 10:23:32 Desktop name 'X' (as0018:1)
22/06/20 10:23:32 Protocol versions supported: 3.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.7t, 3.8t
22/06/20 10:23:32 Listening for VNC connections on TCP port 5901
Error:            XKB extension not present on :1
                  Exiting
XKB extension not present on :1
Starting session: /etc/X11/Xsession
Session terminated with return code 1

22/06/20 10:23:36 Got connection from client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:36 Using protocol version 3.8
22/06/20 10:23:44 Full-control authentication passed by 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 24
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 16
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 22
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 21
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 15
22/06/20 10:23:44 Using zlib encoding for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -314
22/06/20 10:23:44 Enabling full-color cursor updates for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -223
22/06/20 10:23:44 Pixel format for client 192.168.10.14:
22/06/20 10:23:44   8 bpp, depth 6
22/06/20 10:23:44   true colour: max r 3 g 3 b 3, shift r 4 g 2 b 0
22/06/20 10:23:44 Using raw encoding for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 24
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 22
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 21
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 16
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 15
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -314
22/06/20 10:23:44 Enabling full-color cursor updates for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -223
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 24
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 16
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 22
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 21
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding 15
22/06/20 10:23:44 Using zlib encoding for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -314
22/06/20 10:23:44 Enabling full-color cursor updates for client 192.168.10.14
22/06/20 10:23:44 rfbProcessClientNormalMessage: ignoring unknown encoding -223
22/06/20 10:23:44 Pixel format for client 192.168.10.14:
22/06/20 10:23:44   32 bpp, depth 24, little endian
22/06/20 10:23:44   true colour: max r 255 g 255 b 255, shift r 16 g 8 b 0
22/06/20 10:23:44   no translation needed

I suppose there is somethig wrong with the encoding? When I connected it via VNC Viewer, it says that the connection will not be encrypted, and after inputing password, it just turns gray screen.

As admin, I need to check history commands of users. However, I found that logged from different ssh clients, you can't see all history in the host but only history from same ssh client machine. So is there a way to check all history from all ssh clients?

Please see in this pic, I have adjust the general font due to 4K screen, but not sure how to adjust the font on the left side panel as well as the top panel icons.

As I have some issue with VirtualBox and I know that it is because of the current kernel 5.3.0.28, I decided to boot in 4.18.0.20, which supports VM. I checked my available kernels and I do see it is there.

However as I boot into the grub, I can only see the latest ones (5.3.0.28 and 5.3.0.26(no screenshot in grub).

I have a file list like this (long list, not all):

And I want to filter the files with keywords "QM" and ".h5", so I type ls|grep "QM"|grep "h5" and it shows these (what I need)

So basically I want to move these files to another directory, but I don't know how to move them with one line of script.

Also, is there a way to randomly choose 5 of these files and copy them to another directory?

For some reason I installed a driver long time ago and it is no longer in use, and in root permission I checked the dkms status it shows this:

I tried to removed it by using the following commands (separately)

 dkms uninstall -k rtl88x2bu -v 5.2.4.4
 dkms uninstall -m rtl88x2bu -v 5.2.4.4
 dkms remove -k rtl88x2bu -v 5.2.4.4
 dkms remove -m rtl88x2bu -v 5.2.4.4

So I wonder how to remove the added driver.

I know I can create a folder's shortcut by pressing Ctrl and shift, but I wonder how to do it in a command line.

I have the matlab file (.m), the matlab app is also in the desktop entry (I mean that I can search in on the desktop by pressing start menu and type "matlab"), however, for default app I can't find matlab, so I don't know how to associate it. I only know in windows are ftype and assoc.

I downloaded FileZilla from the website, and the file type is tar.bz2. I extracted it which is a folder contains bin, lib and share sub folders. Since there is no instruction of how to compile them and I am not so familiar with compiling, so I ask for help.

PS: I know I could use sudo apt install filezilla, but I would rather get to know how to compile so I can learn something.

Thanks

For curiosity, if an app is running (in my case it is indicator-multiboard), I deleted it using sudo apt purge indicator-multiboard successfully, however it is still running over the task bar, so I tried sudo apt autoremove to see if there is any dependencies, but not.

So why is this happening?

It seems like a typical way that you have some output in the terminal and if you want to select certain phrase you use your mouse to copy it, but is there any way to select without using mouse? For example, I input ls, and get a list of files, and I want to select the second file (second row), is there a way to copy the name without using mouse?

I am using Win10 + Ubuntu 18.04 dual boot and I have a sharing folder which is a NTFS partition, right now I don't see any issues, also from both sides I sync the files by the same cloud app and I don't see any issues. But I am just wondering is it general very safe to do so? Right I only share files that are not so important also they are synced on cloud, but say in case i have something very important, is it recommended to store such file on the ntfs partition?

My swapfile at / was installed long time ago and since I need larger amount of swap now I assigned it on another partition for swap, so I would like to know that if I can delete the older one.

I was testing my Virtualbox 6.0 on my Ubuntu 18.04 and I tried to boot Mac OS, Windows 7 and Windows 10 at the same time to see how it performs. However my Ubuntu froze and not responding anything, so I had to force it to reboot. After reboot, everything was fine before log into my home, but after that my mouse and keyboard no longer respond to anything, also I notice that seems like the system works, because I do see my Dropbox is logging in and it appears a system crash report, and after 5 mins the screen faded to black, so what can I do?

I tried to fix broken package in the grub but nothing helped.

Update after 5 mins I tried to log into Ubuntu Wayland and this time it worked, however I have three displays, two connected to the graphic card and one on motherboard. After this incident the display on motherboard no longer is available. However, it is a black screen and only the mouse can be displayed. So I think there was a fundamental error of the system configuration. Do you have any idea how to automatically fix all configuration errors?

Also, if I go back to normal Ubuntu with three display on the keyboard and mouse still don't work

I have Ubuntus on my laptop and desktop, and for curiosity reason I tried to mount my desktop ssd on my laptop SATA to see if it is bootable, and it turned out that it can't, the motherboard simply says no bootable environment was found.

And for laptop to desktop vice versa, the only difference is that when I mounted the laptop ssd on desktop and booted, the grub shows that it tried to repair some error, however I ceased the operation because I am affair the grub may change my boot environment to desktop one.

So I am just curious that how ubuntu differs between desktop and laptop, apart from battery control/mouse pad controls etc..

Thanks!

I am using LibreOffice 6.1.4.2 with Mendeley 1.19.3 on Ubuntu 18.10.

This is quite bothering me that when I cite a reference from Mendely, the citation just freezes and the {Formatting Citation} just can turn to your citation, nor does the inserted biobliography update with new reference. Here are more details for this bug:

1. No problem at all with a new .odt file.
2. Since there are no problems with the new file, I copy/paste everything to a new file so I can continue to add citation based on the previous ones, everything is OK, but after adding around 20 citations, the new one gets frozen again. Which means I need to paste the new file to a "new new" file (if I really need to).

I found some similar problems for other people on other websites but it seems there is no such a satisfactory anwser. So I hope some one can give me a hand.