I'm interested in getting a picture of relative volume across different internet backbones. In particular, I'd like to see how traffic volume over a given route differs over the course of a day or from one day to the next.
InternetTrafficReport.com is the closest approximation to this that I've found online, and their approach is to test ping times to a number of key routers from several geographically-dispersed servers. This sounds like one straightforward way to measure, but I don't have several geographically-dispersed servers.
Is there a different approach for sampling this type of information from a single server?
If you're talking about reporting for your pipes the best suggestion I can offer is to configure your edge routers to generate netflow exports and use a flow cruncher (flow-tools & JKFlow or something commercial) to turn it into something easily-readable.
If you're talking about getting providers to tell you what the load is on their various links I'm not sure who you would have to bribe to go about getting that info: In my experience it's usually considered "internal data" not for general/public distribution (though having been privy to flow data at a tier-2 provider I can tell you that watching the data can be interesting :)
Edit to add: If you're not interested in your provider specifically bur rather more general data CAIDA (www.caida.org) has a few real-time traffic monitoring stations & nice breakdowns. I wouldn't call the data comprehensive, but it's pretty good.