They're close, but not quite the same. The primary difference is the licensing (as you mention). The other differences are around mirroring (web can only serve as a witness), publishing (web can only subscribe), and performance (web does not come with SQL Profiler).
There are more differences when you get out of the SQL Engine and into SSIS, SSAS, and SSRS.
Since newer version(s) of SQL Server have been released, the feature comparison is tucked away in MSDN:
Here you can find a comprehensive comparison :
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc645993%28SQL.105%29.aspx
Please note: the Web edition does come with SQL Profiler and management studio
They're close, but not quite the same. The primary difference is the licensing (as you mention). The other differences are around mirroring (web can only serve as a witness), publishing (web can only subscribe), and performance (web does not come with SQL Profiler).
There are more differences when you get out of the SQL Engine and into SSIS, SSAS, and SSRS.
Full comparison of all editions here