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Martijn Burger
Asked: 2020-02-15 09:08:38 +0800 CST

What does `* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse` mean in my curl trace?

  • 772

When I do a curl -v to some docker container that I created, I get:

* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse

What does it mean? Where is it documented?

http curl

2 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    From https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/curl-7_82_0/lib/http.c#L4226 :

    if(conn->httpversion < 20) {
   conn->bundle->multiuse = BUNDLE_NO_MULTIUSE;
   infof(data, "Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse\n");
}

    It is a feature of HTTP/2. See, e.g., https://www.cloudflare.com/website-optimization/http2/what-is-http2/

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  2. If I understand correctly, multiuse == multiplexing? If so, then this explanation is fine.

    Multiplexing is perhaps the most significant benefit of HTTP/2. HTTP/1.1 requires each request to use its own TCP connection. Multiplexing, in contrast, allows a browser to include multiple requests in a single TCP connection.

    Multiplexing Diagram 1

    The problem is, a browser can only have a limited number of TCP connections open at any given time. For HTTP/1.1, this means a browser can only load a single resource at a time—every asset in a web page is sent back to the browser sequentially. Multiplexing allows a browser to request all these assets in parallel. This results in a dramatic performance gain.

    Multiplexing Diagram 2

    HTTP/1.1 is sort of like buying a single item at a grocery store, taking it back home, going back to the store for the next item you need, and repeating until your pantry is fully stocked. Multiplexing gives you a shopping cart so you can pick up everything you need in one trip.

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