To my experience, if a DHCP client tries to renew its lease, but the DHCP server is down, and after the lease time is over, there are two possible scenarios:
- The client keeps the IP
- The client goes back to INIT state
I've seen the two scenarios before with different vendors.
I can't find exactly which one is according to the standard. Can someone help? Thanks!
Renewal usually happens before expiration - most often starting at 50% lease time.
If the lease eventually expires before a renewal can be DHCPACKed, the client must not continue to use the leased address. It must re-enter the INIT phase from before the lease.
See RFC 2131 section 4.4.5 for details.