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Markus Miller
Asked: 2011-01-30 04:39:58 +0800 CST

Where is log output from cloud-init stored?

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Where does output from cloud-init (automatically runs scripts when starting up a virtual machine in the cloud, for example at Amazon EC2) go? I would like to know that my initialization scripts executed successfully.

There is a /var/log/cloud-init.log file, but it seems to contain only partial output (namely from the SSH key initialization).

amazon-ec2 cloud-computing

7 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    Since cloud-init 0.7.5 (released on Apr 1 2014), all output from cloud-init is captured by default to /var/log/cloud-init-output.log. This default logging configuration was added in a commit from Jan 14 2014:

    # this tells cloud-init to redirect its stdout and stderr to
# 'tee -a /var/log/cloud-init-output.log' so the user can see output
# there without needing to look on the console.
output: {all: '| tee -a /var/log/cloud-init-output.log'}

    To add support for previous versions of cloud-init, you can manually add this configuration manually to your Cloud Config Data.

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  2. I couldn't find way a "native" way for doing that. Before passing the script to cloud-init, I've simply (automatically) appended a >> /tmp/init-script-log 2>&1 to each line of the script, to forward stout and stderr to a file.

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  3. The log is stored in systemd:

    journalctl -u cloud-final
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  4. On my EC2 box (running the Amazon Linux AMI) it's stored in /var/log/cloud-init.log

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  5. On the Centos 7 AMI I am using, the output of my user data script is in /var/log/cloud-init-output.log.

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  6. I've found log output in /var/log/messages (CentOS7 AWS AMI)

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  7. First of all let me congratulate you on using cloud-init, it's a quite amazing tool!

    There's no way yet to setup a log level but by default cloud-init will run with DEBUG enabled.

    It's still in heavy development, I expect it to be a lot better by the release of Ubuntu Natty

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