Linux has pacct and kernel-based processing. What equivalents are available for Windows? I am aware (and use/recommend) of Process Explorer, but that only tracks real-time stats, with non-portable graphs for a single process. I want to be able to track CPU, Memory, I/O for all of my processes on Windows 7.
Windows Performance Monitor does have the ability to do what you're looking for, just not with realtime graphing. Since you tagged this windows-7 you have access to the full tool for this.
To view the report once monitoring is complete, it will be under Reports.
That'll get you started.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/performance/cc709422
look at the "wpr"
can be kinda hardcore....
Depending on how detailed you need to get either Perfmon or Windows Perfomance analyzer (from the performance toolkit) can provide these details. In general it's best to have some sort of reason for this type of analysis on a desktop, for the server environment you can use all of the above as well as windows system resource manager to do accounting.