How to find out details about hardware on the Linux machine?

lspci for pci cards, lsusb for usb, lshw works on debian based distros, here's a list of ways to get other hardware specs,

If available, dmidecode comes in handy. Particularly on Dell, HP, IBM hardware, where they bother to program relevant hardware information into the various registers.

lspci is a great utility for listing the system hardware. (Anything on the PCI bus, anyway.)

cat /proc/cpuinfo - Displays CPU info

cat /proc/meminfo - Displays memory info

dmesg (or cat /var/log/dmesg) contains some info, not necessarily everything.

If you have a RedHat/CentOS system, you can use sosreport to collect a good bit of information, though I don't know if it has all the hardware info listed in it.

Those are some good places to start to find the info you're looking for.

The /proc filesystem will give you the information that you want... BUT i don't know how you will get it is one easy place.

'cat /proc/cpuinfo' will tell you about your CPU 'cat /proc/devices' will tell you some limited information about block devices. 'ifconfig -a' will tell you about network connections

Others will be able to tell you about more devices. Are you troubleshooting a particular device? If so, you will get better help asking a specific question.

inxi will show just about everything, run with no arguments for short form, the options are many however, run inxi -h to see them

inxi is a 'full featured information script' as described by the project home page: https://github.com/smxi/inxi

Here is information about how you can install it on Ubuntu: https://askubuntu.com/questions/284635/inxi-installation-on-ubuntu

below code u can copy using vi

#!/bin/bash

a=1; c=0
a=1; c=0
# Gather system information, can e.g. be sent to | mail in a cronjob
f_() { while read l; do echo $l; done < $f ; }
#
f_() { while read l; do echo $l; done < $f ; }
# TODO
# ----
# * Netstat output
# * Memory/swap information
# * ifconfig information
# * Make output dependent on argv
# * md5sum checks                               (done)
# * Keep previeous values and compare
# * How to
# * chmod a+x sysinfo.sh
# * ./sysinfo.sh
####################### DO NOT EDIT UNDER THIS LINE ###########################

siheader() {
        echo "================================================================"
        echo -e "* System statistics for: \t`hostname`.`dnsdomainname`"
        echo -e "* Generated on: \t\t`date`"
        echo -e "* Running as: \t\t\t`whoami`"
        echo
}

fuptime() {
        upSeconds=$(cat /proc/uptime | tr "." " " | awk '{print $1}')
        secs=$((${upSeconds}%60))
        mins=$((${upSeconds}/60%60))
        hours=$((${upSeconds}/3600/24))
        days=$((${upSeconds}/86400))
        if [ "${days}" -ne "0" ]
        then
                echo -n "${days} days, "
        fi
        echo "`printf '%02d' ${hours}`:`printf '%02d' ${mins}`:`printf '%02d' ${secs}`"
}

siuptime() {
        echo "=================== Uptime ====================================="
        echo -e "* Uptime: \t\t\t`fuptime`"
        if [ -x /usr/bin/uprecords ];
        then
                echo -e "* High score: \t\t\t`uprecords | tail -n1 | cut -d'|' -f1 | cut -d'n' -f3 | sed 's/^[[:blank:]]*//'`"
        fi
        echo -e "* Load average: \t\t`cat /proc/loadavg | head -c14`"
        echo
}

fw () {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        CNT=$(echo `w | wc -l`-1 | bc)

        w | tail -n ${CNT} | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
}

siusers() {
        echo "=================== Users ======================================"
        echo -e "* Active users: \t\t`who | wc -l`"
        echo "* User information"
        fw
        echo
}

fpstree() {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        pstree | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
}

fcomms() {
        ps -eo comm | sort | uniq | grep -v ^COMMAND | column
        echo

        IFS=${OFS}
}

fprocs() {
        echo `TERM=Linux top -n1 -b | grep "Tasks" | awk '{print $4,$6,$8,$10}'`
        echo -e "==================================Tasks process and memory utilization=============================\n"
    echo "`top -n1 -b`"
}


sitasks() {
        echo "=================== Tasks ======================================"
        echo -e "* Number of running tasks: \t$(echo `ps ax | wc -l` - 1 | bc)"
        #This screws up the email
        #echo "* PS Tree:"
        #fpstree
        echo "* Running programs:"
        fcomms
        echo -e "* CPU load: \t\t\t`TERM=linux top -n2 -b | grep 'Cpu' | tail -n1 | awk '{print $2+$4+$6}'`%"
        PROCS=`fprocs`
        echo "* Process state:"
        echo -e "\tRunning: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $1}'`"
        echo -e "\tSleeping: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $2}'`"
        echo -e "\tZombie: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $3}'`"
        echo -e "\tStopped: \t\t`echo ${PROCS} | awk '{print $4}'`"
        echo
}

froute() {
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'

        CNT=$(echo `/sbin/route | wc -l` - 1 | bc)
        /sbin/route | tail -n ${CNT} | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
}

sinetwork() {
        echo "=================== Networking ================================"
        echo "* Routing table:"
        froute
        echo
}

simemory() {
        echo "=================== Memory ===================================="
        RAMTOTAL=`echo $(($(cat /proc/meminfo | grep MemTotal | awk '{print $2}')/1024))`
        echo "* Ram:\t\t\t free of ${RAMTOTAL}Mb"
}

sidiskstats() {
        echo "=================== Hard Disc ================================="
        echo "* Disk Information:"
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        df -h | grep -v ^none | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
        echo "* Mounts:"
        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'
        mount | while read -r a;
        do
                echo -e "\t${a}"
        done
        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
}

simd5() {
        if [ ! -e md5sums.lst ];
        then
                return
        fi

        echo "=================== MD5Sum Check =============================="

        OFS=${IFS}
        IFS=$'\n'

        echo "* Checking MD5 Sums"

        cat md5sums.lst | grep "^/" | while read -r a;
        do
                F=`echo ${a} | cut -d':' -f1`
                S=`echo ${a} | cut -d':' -f2`
                S2=`md5sum ${F} | cut -d' ' -f1`
                echo -n -e "\t${F}: \t\t\t\t"
                if [ "${S}" = "${S2}" ];
                then
                        echo "[OK]"
                else
                        echo "[INVALID]"
                fi                        
        done

        IFS=${OFS}
        echo
}


##For finding CPU model, cores and 
cpuinfo() {
    echo "=================== CPU Details for Xen =============================="
    echo -e "CPU Details: \n`cat /proc/cpuinfo | sed -n '1,/^$/p'`"
    echo -e "No of Cores: \n`cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l`"
    if [ "egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo >/dev/null 2>/dev/null" ];
    then
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer supports Full-virtualization"
    else
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nEither server does not support Full-virtualization or it is turned off in BIOS"
    fi

    if [ "egrep 'pae' /proc/cpuinfo >/dev/null 2>/dev/null" ];
    then
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer supports Para-virtualization"
    else
        echo -e "\n===============================================================\nServer does not support Para-virtualization"
    fi
}

##For disk info
diskinfo() {
        echo "=================== Disk usage =============================="
        echo -e "Disk Usage details: \n`df -h`"
}   
##Distro info
distroinfo() {
        echo "=================== Distro Info =============================="
        echo -e "Distro details: \n`lsb_release -a`"
        echo -e "Kernel details: \n`uname -a`"
}   

##Distro info
deviceinfo() {
        echo "=================== Device Info =============================="
        echo -e "Device details: \n`lspci -v`"
        echo -e "Kernel details: \n`uname -a`"
}   
summary() {
        siheader
        siuptime
        siusers
        sitasks
        sinetwork

        simemory
        sidiskstats
    fprocs
        simd5
    deviceinfo
    cpuinfo
    distroinfo
        echo "==============================================================="
        echo "* Brought to you by Taashee- http://www.taashee.com"
}

summary

For hard disks I use a custom script which massages into one list the outputs of:

cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/mounts

parted -m /dev/sdX unit MB print # need to be root for parted
# or
parted -m -l unit MB print

blkid /dev/sdXN

to summarize that, I'd say here is good start to get information about your system:

1. dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
2. lspci - list all PCI devices
3. lsusb - list USB devices
4. /proc - process information pseudo-file system

I recommend checking out facter which outputs a lot of information in a form that is easy to use in scripts.

http://www.puppetlabs.com/puppet/related-projects/facter/

I really enjoy using "Facter". Gives a nice list of very useful information.