I’ve just installed a Windows 2012 server for the first time, and would like it to join our Univention Corporate Server domain, so we have the same LDAP users as on all systems.
The error message (translated – unfortunately, the install CD did not permit switching the language to English) roughly said that the domain was unavailable / not found.
We’re running Univention 3.2 currently.
I hadn't heard of Univention before. It looks like it's a distribution of Linux and Samba with some "baked-in" management tools.
It looks like you can install either Samba 3 or Samba 4 (per this screenshot. There appear to be known issues with Windows Server 2012 joining a Samba 3 domain, so that may be your problem.
I'd compare the DNS settings on the Windows Server 2012 machine to a known-working machine. DNS problems are typically the cause of issues joining Active Directory domains. If you haven't, work through the domain join troubleshooting document from Univention.
Edit:
In a Samba 3 environment, which emulates a Windows NT domain environment, a couple of defaults in Windows Server 2008 (and newer) need to be changed. The following registry merge changes the default behavior to allow for joining an NT-style domain: