Synology has introduced some interesting terminology with their products that is confusing (to someone used to traditional storage terminology).
It appears that "volumes" on Synology is equivalent to RAID volumes. But then:
- What are "disk groups"? (Is this JBOD)?
- What is SHR? (Another synology specifig term)?
In Synology terminology a disk group is simply a RAID array that can then be split it up into several volumes.
So if you have 4 disks, you can create one single disk group (RAID array) and create two volumes from it. Or you could create 2 disk groups, and create one volume on each.
The difference / advantages being that the single array will have more space, while the separate arrays will have better redundancy.
There is a nice write-up on the synology forums about this
SHR is a separate concept, and is based on the Linux Raid Management system.
It's a design that allows for the usage of otherwise unused space on larger disks added to an array limited by a smaller disk.
Full disclosure, I use synology at home but have never been involved with our NAS at work