Assuming that you're using a Layer 2 switch, there is no way for the Linux server to filter anything. If you have a Layer 3 switch, you could put each Machine in its own VLAN/subnet and then force all of the data to be routed through the linux server but honestly, that's quite messy.
Assuming that you're using a Layer 2 switch, there is no way for the Linux server to filter anything. If you have a Layer 3 switch, you could put each Machine in its own VLAN/subnet and then force all of the data to be routed through the linux server but honestly, that's quite messy.
What is your use case here?