EDIT: I dropped the default gateway from the DHCP server during a configuration change.
I have a 2016 TP5 VM on a 2016 TP5 Hyper-V host connected to a internal virtual switch, the VM acquires a IPv4 address via DHCP and can resolve and ping internal addresses and hostnames however any attempt to ping an external resource I get the error "PING: transmit failed. General failure." and by extension cannot reach any outside resource but I can access internal ones.
If I set the network interface with the exact same settings that are acquired by DHCP I have no issues, this is the only VM I am currently having the issue on.
I have tried removing and then adding the vNIC and rebooting the VM with no change to the issue.
What is going on?
There is not so much moving parts here: type of your network adapter, connectivity type assigned for VM and IP configuration are the main parts.
See very similar question: https://superuser.com/questions/662105/no-internet-access-when-using-static-ip There root cause was missing default gateway.
If I were you I would try to read VM's NIC and then try the same static IP config (providing it is valid one) - may well fix your issue too.
Beyond that it could be something more obscure with more difficult fix. Example: https://thommck.wordpress.com/2010/11/04/fixing-a-failed-hyper-v-guest-network-adapter/
General troubleshooting approach to "PING: Transmit failed. General Failure - Reasons and Solution" error: http://www.corenetworkz.com/2011/08/ping-transmit-failed-general-failure.html