Every time I reboot this Windows Server 2019 VM, Windows changes the subnet from 255.255.252.0 to 255.255.255.0 which is incorrect. The subnet must be /22 (255.255.252.0) for traffic to pass.
I found this Hotfix, but it's only for Server 2012 so I cannot install it:
Replacing the E1000E virtual NIC ("Intel Pro 1000 MT") with a VMXNET 3 virtual NIC in vSphere resolved the issue.