lulalala's questions

Previously, when my site does not have SSL/https at all, trying to access it would fail. For example, curl would return:

curl: (7) couldn't connect to host

Now that I have implemented SSL in a subdomain, I would like to simulate the previous behavior in all other domains.

For example: my https://api.example.com works as expected. But now visting https://www.example.com to would return 403.

# HTTPS server
server {
  listen 443;
  server_name api.example.com:

  ssl                  on;
  ssl_certificate      server.crt;
  ssl_certificate_key  server.key;

  ssl_session_timeout  5m;

  ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
  ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

  location / {
    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_redirect off;

    proxy_pass http://app;
  }
}

server {
  listen 443 default_server;
  server_name _;

  ssl                  on;
  ssl_certificate      server.crt;
  ssl_certificate_key  server.key;

  ssl_session_timeout  5m;

  ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
  ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

  deny all;
}

How should I configure Nginx, so visit subdomains which should not have SSL (https://www.example.com), it would behave as if the host can not be connected?

I have a server which blocks burst request (if the same IP address accesses the server more than 3 times a second, it will serve 500 error).

So when I use Apache benchmark, I see a lot of failed requests, even when I set concurrency to 1.

Is there an option to set an interval between each request? Or is there similar benchmarking tools that offers this interval functionality?

I am wondering what the http block does in Nginx. I don't see many tutorials talking about when it is necessary to use that block, and many examples do not use it at all.

I am trying to serve static cache files using nginx. There are index.html files under the rails_root/public/cache directory. I tried the following configuration first, which doesn't work:

root <%= current_path %>/public;
try_files /cache$uri/index.html /cache$uri.html @rails;

This give error:

[error] 4056#0: *13503414 directory index of "(...)current/public/" is forbidden, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1"

I then tried

root <%= current_path %>/public/cache;
try_files $uri/index.html $uri.html @rails;

And to my surprise this works. Why is it that I can do the latter not the former( since they point to the same location)

Permissions of file system

The permissions of the folders are:

775 public
  755 cache
    644 index.html

Rails sits in the user ~ directory, so the folders and files are all belong to the user good. The user for nginx is root for master and http for each worker processors:

89:http      7865  0.1  0.0   8876  2624 ?        S    Jul10   0:51 nginx: worker process                        
112:root     24927  0.0  0.0   8532  1828 ?        Ss   Jun28   0:03 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

My favicon is sitting under public/ is served correctly by the following:

# asset server
server {
  listen 80;
  server_name assets.<%= server_name %>;
  expires max;
  add_header Cache-Control public;
  charset utf-8;
  root   <%= current_path %>/public;
}

LOG

For my working setup: access log shows:

request:"GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 uri:"/index.html"
request:"GET /assets/gas/468x15_4.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 uri:"/assets/gas/468x15_4.gif"

If I add index nonexistent the same directory index forbidden error would appear with following access log:

request:"GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 uri:"/"

error log:

directory index of "RAILS_ROOT/current/public/cache/gas/" is forbidden, client: _IP_, server: example.com, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", host: "gas.example.com"

UPDATE

Please see the full config file. Note that it is complete and the example given above are a bit simplified.

I am using Nginx 1.22

Do two nginx configuration files operate independently to each other, or can they affect each other in some way?

For example, can I name the upstream block in two configuration files with the same name without causing a conflict?

I am testing nginx and want to output variables to the log files. How can I do that and which log file will it go (access or error).