Jonathan's questions

In the Amazon Linux 2 release notes, Amazon advises that initscripts should no longer exist in /etc/init.d

Amazon Linux 2 uses the systemd 219 init system to bootstrap userspace and manage system processes. It is available as /sbin/init and replaces the System V-style init system that was available in the previous generation of Amazon Linux. As a result, initscripts should no longer exist in /etc/init.d. systemctl {start|stop|restart} SERVICE_NAME.service should be used in its place. Additionally, service SERVICE_NAME {start|stop|restart} is compatible with both Amazon Linux AMI and Amazon Linux 2.

We rely on an initscript to auto-start Supervisor when the instance boots. Is there a viable alternative under the systemd 219 init system?

I'm using the following nginx block to route mysite.com/blog to my /var/www/mysite/wordpress/ directory:

location /blog {
    root /var/www/mysite/wordpress;
    rewrite ^/blog/(.+)$ /$1 break;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php?q=$uri&$args;
    index index.php;

    location ~ \.php {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(?:\/blog)(.+\.php)(.*);
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}

Everything works fine, except mysite.com/blog/wp-admin/ gives me a 404 error. Visiting mysite.com/blog/wp-admin/index.php works as expected, so it looks like my index rule is not working. What could be the issue here?

I'm repeatedly seeing this error in my nginx logs:

[crit] 30165#0: ngx_slab_alloc() failed: no memory in cache keys zone "api-data-cache"

Looking at the directory used for the cache key zone, I can see it's hovering around the 326MB mark:

du -s /usr/local/nginx/cache/
326652

However my nginx.conf specifies a max_size of 1GB, so there should be plenty of room:

proxy_cache_path        /usr/local/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=api-data-cache:8m max_size=1g inactive=600m;
proxy_cache_key         "$scheme$host$request_uri/$device_type$cookie_w3tc_referrer";
proxy_cache_use_stale   updating timeout http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
proxy_ignore_headers    X-Accel-Expires Expires Cache-Control;

What could be going on here? There's plenty of disk space available (>50GB free) and after finding nothing relevant in the documentation, I'm at a bit of a loss.

I have a Symfony application at mysite.com and a WordPress application at mysite.com/blog:

server {
    server_name mysite.com;
    root /var/www/mysite/symfony/web;

    location / {
        try_files $uri /app.php$is_args$args;
    }

    location ~ ^/app\.php(/|$) {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename;
        internal;
    }

    location /blog {
        root /var/www/mysite/wordpress;
        rewrite ^/blog/(.+)$ /$1 break;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php$is_args$args;

        location ~ \.php {
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(?:\/blog\/)(.+\.php)(.*);
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/$fastcgi_script_name;
        }
    }

    access_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com-error.log;
}

When I access my blog route (mysite.com/blog), nginx 301 redirects to add a trailing slash (mysite.com/blog/). Is there any way I can avoid this redirect? I've noticed this doesn't happen with Symfony - mysite.com/admin works fine.

I've tried adding rewrite ^/(.*)/$ /$1;, but this just results in a redirect loop.

Due to a long-standing bug in nginx I was advised to switch my alias directive with a root directive. Unfortunately this now breaks my static files, which are located in a different directory to my site path (mysite.com/blog -> /var/www/mysite/wordpress). How can I get around this, without changing my static file structure? Here's my full location block:

location /blog {
    root /var/www/mysite/wordpress;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php$is_args$args;

    location ~ \.php {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(?:\/blog\/)(.+\.php)(.*);
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}

I have a WordPress site located at mysite.com/blog, the files of which are located in /var/www/mysite/wordpress. Why, when I visit mysite.com/blog/test, does my nested location block only get hit if I remove $args from try_files?

server {
    server_name mysite.com;

    location /blog {
        alias /var/www/mysite/wordpress;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php$args;

        location ~ \.php {
            # This is only reached if I remove $args from try_files
            return 401; # For testing purposes 
        }
    }
}

Here is the associated error in the log:

"/usr/share/nginx/html/index.php" failed (2: No such file or directory)

Using Url Rewrite, I'm trying to redirect /foo_bar/* to /foo/*. I've tried this:

<rule name="Redirect foo_bar to foo" stopProcessing="true">
    <match url="(.*)" />
    <conditions logicalGrouping="MatchAll" trackAllCaptures="false">
        <add input="{HTTP_URL}" pattern="^/foo_bar/(.*)" />
    </conditions>
    <action type="Redirect" url="/foo/{R:1}" />
</rule>

But this just redirects to /foo/foo_bar/*. Where am I going wrong?

This is what happens when I try and connect to Powershell on my remote machine:

PS C:\Users\Jonathan> Test-WSMan -ComputerName 54.228.XX.XX
Test-WSMan : The WinRM client cannot complete the operation within the time specified. Check if the machine name is val
id and is reachable over the network and firewall exception for Windows Remote Management service is enabled.
At line:1 char:11
+ Test-WSMan <<<<  -ComputerName 54.228.XX.XX
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (54.228.XX.XX:String) [Test-WSMan], InvalidOperationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WsManError,Microsoft.WSMan.Management.TestWSManCommand

On my remote computer, I've confirmed that WinRM is running:

PS C:\Users\Administrator> net start winrm

The Windows Remote Management (WS-Management) service is starting.
The Windows Remote Management (WS-Management) service was started successfully.

I've confirmed that it is listening:

PS C:\Users\Administrator> winrm e winrm/config/listener

Listener
    Address = *
    Transport = HTTP
    Port = 5985
    Hostname
    Enabled = true
    URLPrefix = wsman
    CertificateThumbprint
    ListeningOn = 10.35.XXX.XXX, 127.0.0.1...

I've chosen to trust all hosts:

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Set-Item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts -Value "*" -Force

and finally, I've allowed inbound connections on port 5985. Have I missed something?!

After installing mod_rpaf, I set my config file (/etc/apache2/mods-available/rpaf.conf) as follows:

<IfModule mod_rpaf.c>
    RPAFenable On
    RPAFsethostname On
    RPAFproxy_ips 127.0.0.1
    RPAFheader X-Real-IP
</IfModule>

However, now when I restart apache2 I get an error:

Invalid command 'RPAFheader', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

Removing the RPAFheader line resolves the problem, but I really need this setting. Does anyone have any ideas?

On my local machine, I wish to send mail through SMTP on my Windows Server.

I understand that I need to authorise my machine's local IP in relay restrictions. However, this is not ideal as I'll need to modify this everytime my IP changes.

Is there any more flexible way in which I can authorise this connection? Thanks in advance.

I've successfully installed and used FTP to transfer files to my server running Windows Server 2008. I've decided to create one FTP site in IIS 7.5 which leads to my \ftproot\ folder, and In an effort to make things a bit more secure, I've selected to isolate users to their physical directory.

I now have the following folder structure for 2 example users:

C:\inetpub\ftproot\LocalUser\JoeBloggs\

C:\inetpub\ftproot\LocalUser\JohnSmith\

In order to show a user files outside of these folders, I understand that I can use Virtual Directories. However, any virtual directory I create under the \username\ folder is invisible to my FTP client. I've selected to display virtual directories in 'FTP Directory Browsing' but it makes no difference - I can't even browse to them through their direct path.

Firstly, is this a good approach to take? Secondly (and most importantly), why can't I view these Virtual Directories through any FTP client?

Thank you in advance for any help.

Every time I restart my server my URL rewrite rules seem to get reset. Recreating them every time is obviously extremely frustrating!

I am running Windows Server 2008 R2 (fully updated), IIS 7.5 and IIS URL Rewrite 2.0.

Does anyone have any idea what could be causing this? Thank you in advance.

I've installed an SSL certificate in IIS, however the 'Name' column is showing as blank even though I entered a friendly name. Is there any way to fix this?

Everytime I restart my server, my SMTP Virtual Server stops. There have been a number of times where I've forgotten to start it again and I've caused a number of problems for the sites I am hosting.

Is this correct behaviour in Windows Server 2008, and is there any way in which I can stop this from happening?

Thanks in advance.

Thanks to a post on StackOverflow, I was keen to discover that I can set up SMTP in IIS6 to receive mail on my Windows 2008 server. However, I'm having a bit of difficulty as my test email results in a 'Delivery Status Notification - 5.3.5' error.

I've done some Googling and I understand this means a loop is present and that I should check my SMTP domains in IIS. I've apparently got to have 1 Local (Default) domain, which is currently set to my server name, and I've then added my domain (mail.mydomain.com) as 'Remote'. Is this correct?

Thank you in advance.

I'm setting up my server for the first time and I've run into an issue in trying to send mail using SMTP. As per the suggestion of a few answers on SF, I've used SMTPDiag to try and diagnose the issue and it seems the issue is 'Failed to connect to the domain controller. Error: 8007054b'.

Can anyone help me to make sense of this error?

Searching for Exchange external DNS settings.
Computer name is XXX.
Failed to connect to the domain controller. Error: 8007054b

Checking SOA for gmail.com.
Checking external DNS servers.
Checking internal DNS servers.
SOA serial number match: Passed.

Checking local domain records.
Checking MX records using TCP: gmail.com.
Checking MX records using UDP: gmail.com.
Both TCP and UDP queries succeeded. Local DNS test passed.

Checking remote domain records.
Checking MX records using TCP: gmail.com.
Checking MX records using UDP: gmail.com.
Both TCP and UDP queries succeeded. Remote DNS test passed.

Checking MX servers listed for [email protected].
Connecting to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [74.125.77.27] on port 25.
Successfully connected to gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Connecting to alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [74.125.127.27] on port 25.
Successfully connected to alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Connecting to alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [74.125.95.27] on port 25.
Successfully connected to alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Connecting to alt3.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [74.125.157.27] on port 25.
Successfully connected to alt3.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.
Connecting to alt4.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [74.125.91.27] on port 25.
Successfully connected to alt4.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com.

Thank you in advance!

I've successfully set up multiple sites on my server, and as they are all assigned to port 80, I have assigned each a unique host name in the IIS Site Bindings.

Firstly, is this the correct way of doing things?

Secondly, is there any way in which I can now access these using my server IP? I have tried various combinations of 'http://ServerIP:80/HostName.com' and I just can't get it to work.

Thank you in advance.

Firstly, am I correct in thinking that I need to set up DNS on my server in order to host multiple websites?

Secondly, my host has also advised me that I need to use two IPs - one for sites and one to manage the DNS. Is this correct? Assuming it is I have requested an additional IP Address. Does it matter which one is used for which?

Thank you in advance. I have Googled all of these questions but so far I've had no luck - perhaps I'm a little off in my phrasing.

I've successfully followed the many tutorials to enable remote connections to my SQLEXPRESS Server. I'm now trying to connect remotely through SQL Server Authentication and the connection works, however I get the following error:

"The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows Authentication"

From reading about it is evident that I need to add my Windows account to the server in order to allow me to login. I would normally follow these tutorials through, however all of these require extra SQL tools installed in order to do so. All that is installed on my server is SQL Server Configuration Manager.

Do I need to upgrade the version in order to achieve what I'm after?

Thank you in advance.