One of the sites I host on Amazon Lightsail recently became victim of a DDoS attack. I've been able to fend it off using Cloudflare's "I'm under attack" mode.
I'm wondering if load balancing would have help deal with the attack. Should I create a load balancer in Amazon Lightsail and attach it to all my instances? Is that allowed? Will that help deal with DDoS attacks?
And as for cost - I see it's US$18 monthly. Is that for each instance the load balancer is associated with?
Part of my .htaccess file forces https on certain pages (e.g. when user logs in, enters credit card information, etc.) while forcing http on all other pages. This seems to be the ideal setup for what I need.
However, one of my site's extensions is responsible for generating a credit card processing form. In the form's action url, it has the https url of the web root in it (e.g. https://domain.com/). However, the web root is not one of those pages that the .htaccess forces https on, thus it's forcing a redirect to http. Because of this, the extension is failing because the form is attempting to submit to an https that redirects to http.
What should I do? I don't want users being forced to view a secured page when they don't have to; I'd rather they reap the benefits of caching. And obviously, on secured pages, they need to submit to secured URLs (my site's CMS apparently works in such a way that all form submissions to the web root works just fine). I can't tell the extension to submit to a different URL.
Here's the relevant part of my .htaccess:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
# Define default protocol for all assets
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protocol:http,E=ssl:%{HTTPS}off]
# Define HTTPS targets, add more cond as required
RewriteCond $1 (payment|sign-in|sign-up) [NC]
RewriteRule (.*) - [E=protocol:https,E=ssl:%{HTTPS}on]
# Rewrite host if necessary and redirect on correct protocol
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:protocol}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
# Protocol switch if necessary (host is already correct)
RewriteCond %{ENV:ssl} ^(onoff|offon)
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.(gif|jpe?g|png|css|js)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:protocol}://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
# Finally, process the internal redirect
RewriteCond $1 !\.(gif|jpe?g|png)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L]
</IfModule>
Maybe this could be modified to "don't redirect if it's a form submission?"
I'm planning on building an application wherein my users can create accounts on it, email other users, etc. The site will also have forums, chat, etc. It will also need to process credit cards. I'm trying to decide which parts of the site should be in https. Now I'm wondering if there are any problems with just having the entire site under SSL.
Any suggestions?
Is there a tool (preferably a web service) that can stress test our site? We're having problems with our site going down once we have about 100 concurrent users. Forums seem to suggest I need to tweak my httpd.conf. I plan to try to tweak httpd.conf, but need to know if the tweaks actually did anything. So stress testing it after each configuration change might be my plan of attack. Suggestions?
We have a WordPress site that keeps shutting down whenever we get around 100 users. WP super cache is already installed. Everytime the site goes down, we have to run service httpd restart.
Now, we're trying to figure out if there is anything in HTTPD.CONF can needs fine tuning (this is GoDaddy's default configuration for dedicated hosting, had to remove the comments since ServerFault limits the number of characters that be posted):
ServerTokens OS
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
PidFile run/httpd.pid
Timeout 120
KeepAlive On
MaxKeepAliveRequests 500
KeepAliveTimeout 5
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 1
MinSpareServers 1
MaxSpareServers 5
ServerLimit 50
MaxClients 50
MaxRequestsPerChild 4000
</IfModule>
<IfModule worker.c>
StartServers 1
MaxClients 50
MinSpareThreads 1
MaxSpareThreads 4
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
Listen 80
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so
LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so
LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so
LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so
LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so
LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so
LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so
LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so
LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so
LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so
LoadModule mem_cache_module modules/mod_mem_cache.so
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so
LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
Include conf.d/*.conf
User apache
Group apache
ServerAdmin root@localhost
UseCanonicalName Off
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<IfModule mod_userdir.c>
UserDir disable
</IfModule>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.shtml index.cfm index.php index.htm
AccessFileName .htaccess
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</Files>
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
DefaultType text/plain
<IfModule mod_mime_magic.c>
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>
HostnameLookups Off
ErrorLog logs/error_log
LogLevel warn
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
CustomLog logs/access_log combined
ServerSignature On
Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/"
<Directory "/var/www/icons">
Options Indexes MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
<IfModule mod_dav_fs.c>
DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb
</IfModule>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable
AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*
AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*
AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/*
AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar
AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv
AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip
AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps
AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt
AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c
AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py
AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for
AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi
AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex
AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core
AddIcon /icons/back.gif ..
AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README
AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^
DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif
ReadmeName README.html
HeaderName HEADER.html
IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t
AddLanguage ca .ca
AddLanguage cs .cz .cs
AddLanguage da .dk
AddLanguage de .de
AddLanguage el .el
AddLanguage en .en
AddLanguage eo .eo
AddLanguage es .es
AddLanguage et .et
AddLanguage fr .fr
AddLanguage he .he
AddLanguage hr .hr
AddLanguage it .it
AddLanguage ja .ja
AddLanguage ko .ko
AddLanguage ltz .ltz
AddLanguage nl .nl
AddLanguage nn .nn
AddLanguage no .no
AddLanguage pl .po
AddLanguage pt .pt
AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br
AddLanguage ru .ru
AddLanguage sv .sv
AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn
AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw
LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW
ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddHandler type-map var
AddType text/html .shtml
AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/"
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
<IfModule mod_include.c>
<Directory "/var/www/error">
AllowOverride None
Options IncludesNoExec
AddOutputFilter Includes html
AddHandler type-map var
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
LanguagePriority en es de fr
ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
</Directory>
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive
BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
Loaded modules are:
core prefork http_core mod_so mod_auth_basic mod_auth_digest mod_authn_file mod_authn_alias mod_authn_anon mod_authn_dbm mod_authn_default mod_authz_host mod_authz_user mod_authz_owner mod_authz_groupfile mod_authz_dbm mod_authz_default util_ldap mod_authnz_ldap mod_include mod_log_config mod_logio mod_env mod_ext_filter mod_mime_magic mod_expires mod_deflate mod_headers mod_usertrack mod_setenvif mod_mime mod_dav mod_status mod_autoindex mod_info mod_dav_fs mod_vhost_alias mod_negotiation mod_dir mod_actions mod_speling mod_userdir mod_alias mod_rewrite mod_proxy mod_proxy_balancer mod_proxy_ftp mod_proxy_http mod_proxy_connect mod_cache mod_suexec mod_disk_cache mod_file_cache mod_mem_cache mod_cgi mod_version mod_fcgid mod_perl mod_php5 mod_proxy_ajp mod_python mod_ssl
Is there anything obviously wrong with this configuration? What do we need to do to optimize this?
In the header response, I want to remove Cache-Control's "max-age"? I don't want to completely unset Cache-Control, though -- just want to get rid of max-age. So the following would be wrong:
Header unset Cache-Control
I think there is a way to do this using "edit" instead of "unset". However, I'm not sure how to use "edit".
Suggestions?
We have dedicated hosting on GoDaddy running a WordPress blog. It seems that whenever we get a high number of concurrent users (about 100), the site goes down. The way we've been fixing it, per the suggestion of GoDaddy, is to run service httpd start.
The above is a temporary fix. And the httpd service keeps going down because our traffic is reaching high numbers of concurrent users.
We also go this from chatting with GoDaddy:
Server Concierge: Apache is maxing out your resources. As soon as I started Apache you went from 500 megs free of RAM to 0 free.
Server Concierge: Currently it appears that you have over 500 connections to the server at the same time.
Server Concierge: The majority of the connections are coming from just a few users.
Server Concierge: You will need to ensure that your site is optimized to close Apache connections once they are finished.
What do we need to do to make Apache handle our traffic? We have SSH access, so if we can get step by step commands to execute, we can probably fix this problem.
I'm on dedicated hosting with GoDaddy. WP installed, but can't upload anything. Getting the following error:
the error: Is its parent directory writable by the server?
The upload folder is already 777. I'm guessing it is an ownership issue. What is Apache's owner/group name?